Diffractive axicon with tunable fill factor for focal ring splitting

We have considered effect of fill factor of circular binary phase grating on intensity distribution in the focal plane. A theoretical analysis is performed in two approaches. One of them allows us to describe the general distribution structure in the focal plane, but it is not suitable for solving the inverse problem. The second approach allows us to explain the fine structure in the intensity maxima corresponding diffraction orders. In particular, this approach explains the possibility of focal ring splitting and allows us to calculate the ratio of the intensities of the two rings. The theoretical calculations and numerical simulation are confirmed by experimental studies. As a result, we have shown the ability to dynamically change the focal structure due to regulation of the grating’s fill factor by means of a spatial light modulator.

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