‘She just didn’t smell right!’ Odour and adoptive family life

Our recent studies of adoptive family life, in circumstances where parenting was very challenging or where the adoption had disrupted, revealed new and interesting findings (Selwyn and Meakings, 2015; Selwyn, Meakings and Wijedasa, 2015). One of the most fascinating and unexpected discoveries was the role of smell in adoptive parents’ and children’s behaviours. For some parents, the child’s odour was a barrier to intimacy. Parents were also aware of how specific smells seemed to trigger children’s early memories and trauma. In this article, we review briefly the literature on odour and consider the implications for social work practice.

[1]  J. Selwyn,et al.  Beyond the Adoption Order: An Investigation of Adoption Disruption in Wales , 2015 .

[2]  J. Selwyn,et al.  Beyond the Adoption Order: challenges, intervention and disruption , 2015 .

[3]  Ana V. Oliveira-Pinto,et al.  Sexual Dimorphism in the Human Olfactory Bulb: Females Have More Neurons and Glial Cells than Males , 2014, PloS one.

[4]  M. Smeets,et al.  Proust revisited: Odours as triggers of aversive memories , 2012, Cognition & emotion.

[5]  Hadas Lapid,et al.  The Privileged Brain Representation of First Olfactory Associations , 2009, Current Biology.

[6]  A. Keller Odor Memories: The First Sniff Counts , 2009, Current Biology.

[7]  Denis Rubin,et al.  Chemosensory Cues to Conspecific Emotional Stress Activate Amygdala in Humans , 2009, PloS one.

[8]  S. Craig Roberts,et al.  MHC-correlated mate choice in humans: A review , 2009, Psychoneuroendocrinology.

[9]  Judith Semon Dubas,et al.  A Preliminary Investigation of Parent–Progeny Olfactory Recognition and Parental Investment , 2009 .

[10]  K. Shinohara,et al.  The calming effect of a maternal breast milk odor on the human newborn infant , 2009, Neuroscience Research.

[11]  Susan C. Roberts,et al.  MHC-correlated odour preferences in humans and the use of oral contraceptives , 2008, Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.

[12]  B. Repacholi,et al.  My baby doesn't smell as bad as yours. The plasticity of disgust , 2006 .

[13]  Maria Larsson,et al.  Smell your way back to childhood: Autobiographical odor memory , 2006, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[14]  J. Lehrner,et al.  Ambient odors of orange and lavender reduce anxiety and improve mood in a dental office , 2005, Physiology & Behavior.

[15]  R. Thornhill,et al.  Major histocompatibility complex genes, symmetry, and body scent attractiveness in men and women , 2003 .

[16]  G. Weisfeld,et al.  Possible olfaction-based mechanisms in human kin recognition and inbreeding avoidance. , 2003, Journal of experimental child psychology.

[17]  J. Downes,et al.  Proust nose best: Odors are better cues of autobiographical memory , 2002, Memory & cognition.

[18]  Carole Ober,et al.  Paternally inherited HLA alleles are associated with women's choice of male odor , 2002, Nature Genetics.

[19]  J. Schooler,et al.  A naturalistic study of autobiographical memories evoked by olfactory and visual cues: testing the Proustian hypothesis. , 2002, The American journal of psychology.

[20]  C. Wedekind,et al.  Body odour preferences in men and women: do they aim for specific MHC combinations or simply heterozygosity? , 1997, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences.

[21]  T. Engen,et al.  Odor memory: Review and analysis , 1996, Psychonomic bulletin & review.

[22]  E. Fossey Identification of alcohol by smell among young children: an objective measure of early learning in the home. , 1993, Drug and alcohol dependence.

[23]  R. Zucker,et al.  Identification of alcohol by smell among preschoolers: evidence for early socialization about drugs occurring in the home. , 1990, Child development.

[24]  A. Eidelman,et al.  Mothers' recognition of their newborns by olfactory cues , 1987 .