Low-Noise and Low-Sensitivity Digital Filters

Publisher Summary The direct-form structure, which is the simplest form of digital filter structures, generates large roundoff noise for transfer functions having sharp frequency response behaviors and often supports limit cycles. Therefore, several other structures that have much better behavior in a quantized environment are employed. This chapter presents the most important structures of these structures. It focuses on binary arithmetic and quantization of binary sequences, along with statistical properties, and noise propagation in digital filters. The chapter describes scaling and dynamic range considerations. It discusses signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) performance in simple structures, a class of low-noise second-order structures based on error-spectrum shaping (ESS), and the concept of SNR to arbitrary structures. It also discusses cascade-form implementations and noise-reduction strategies in such implementations and also discusses state-space structures for low-noise design and closed-form expressions for certain minimum-noise state-space structures.

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