Transient A/F characteristics for cold operation of a 1.6 liter engine with sequential fuel injection

An investigation of transient A/F characteristics was conducted using a 1.6 liter engine equipped with a Sequential Electronic Fuel Injection (SEFI) system. The engine was tested on a dynamometer facility capable of providing environmental temperatures as low as 10˚F. A test procedure was developed to determine the effects of steady state A/F, engine speed, size of throttle ramp, injection timing, and hardware changes, on the transient A/F characteristics while the engine warmed up