The Growing Concept and Uses of Training Needs Assessment: A Review with Proposed Model

Purpose – This paper aims to review the relevant literature on training needs assessment (TNA) with an objective to provide users/beneficiaries of TNA with the understanding of its growing concept, multiple uses (outcomes), and valuing these uses (antecedents).Design/methodology/approach – To conduct the literature review on uses of TNA, the authors used the systematic search comprising four stages: selection of appropriate search terms such as training, needs assessment, needs analysis, training needs assessment, and training needs analysis; carrying out search in established databases such as EBSCOhost, Emerald, JSTOR, SpringerLink, and Wiley‐Blackwell; initial sample filtering (relevance‐based); and further sample filtering (access‐based). Based on this review, a conceptual framework for examining the forward and backward linkages between TNA and nine human resource management and development areas is proposed for further examination.Findings – This paper highlights training plans, goal setting, employ...

[1]  From Performance Analysis to Training Needs Assessment , 2010 .

[2]  Jon M. Werner,et al.  Human Resource Development , 2005 .

[3]  Ron Drew Stone.  Aligning Training for Results: A Process and Tools That Link Training to Business , 2008 .

[4]  William J. Rothwell.  Beyond Training and Development: The Groundbreaking Classic on Human Performance Enhancement , 2005 .

[5]  Warren C. K. Chiu,et al.  Re‐thinking training needs analysis , 1999 .

[6]  David F. Anderson.  A Proactive Model for Training Needs Analysis (Действенная модель для анализа потребностей в тренинге) , 1994 .

[7]  J. Selmer.  To Train or Not to Train? , 2002 .

[8]  Jim Stewart,et al.  Corporate Training and Development Policies and Practices: A Cross-National Study of India and Britain , 2003 .

[9]  Warren C. K. Chiu,et al.  Re-thinking training needs analysis A proposed framework for literature review , 1998 .

[10]  N. Clarke.  The politics of training needs analysis , 2003 .

[11]  John Dingle.  Analysing the competence requirements of managers , 1995 .

[12]  D. Doverspike,et al.  Performance Appraisal in the Training Needs Analysis Process: A Review and Critique , 1990 .

[13]  Karla Boluk,et al.  A Case Study of Human Resource Practices in Small Hotels in Sweden , 2012 .

[14]  Paul Sandwith,et al.  A Hierarchy of Management Training Requirements: The Competency Domain Model , 1993 .

[15]  N. Papalexandris,et al.  Changes in training, performance management and communication issues among Greek firms in the 1990s: intercountry and intracountry comparisons , 2002 .

[16]  P. Effah.  The training and development of academic librarians in Ghana , 1998 .

[17]  Roger Kaufman,et al.  A Needs Assessment Audit. , 1994 .

[18]  J. A. Jong,et al.  HRD tasks of first‐level managers , 1999 .

[19]  C. Porter,et al.  Appraisal pitfalls and the training implications – Part 2 , 2004 .

[20]  Chu-Chen Rosa Yeh,et al.  Improving training needs assessment processes via the Internet: system design and qualitative study , 2006, Internet Res..

[21]  Sam McClelland.  A Model for Designing Objective‐oriented Training Evaluations , 1994 .

[22]  Wellesley R. Foshay,et al.  Handbook of Improving Performance in the Workplace, Instructional Design and Training Delivery , 2009 .

[23]  Samuel B. McClelland.  Training Needs Assessment Data‐gathering Methods: , 1994 .

[24]  D. Tranfield,et al.  Towards a Methodology for Developing Evidence-Informed Management Knowledge by Means of Systematic Review , 2003 .

[25]  Ridha M. Al‐Khayyat.  Training and development needs assessment: a practical model for partner institutes , 1998 .

[26]  Roger Kaufman,et al.  Needs assessment—a digest, review, and comparison of needs assessment literature , 1998 .

[27]  William R. Tracey,et al.  The Human Resources Glossary: The Complete Desk Reference for HR Executives, Managers, and Practitioners , 1991 .

[28]  Judith Brown.  Training Needs Assessment: A Must for Developing an Effective Training Program , 2002 .

[29]  Jean Barbazette.  Training Needs Assessment: Methods, Tools, and Techniques , 2006 .

[30]  F. Horwitz,et al.  The emergence of strategic training and development: the current state of play , 1999 .

[31]  Eduardo Salas,et al.  Analyzing Communication Sequences for Team Training Needs Assessment , 1998, Hum. Factors.

[32]  M. J. Lovell,et al.  Training needs analysis: weaknesses in the conventional approach , 1997 .

[33]  T. Garavan,et al.  Viewpoint: Linking Training Policy and Practice to Organizational Goals , 1997 .

[34]  Mahmoud A. Elgamal,et al.  A macro model of training and development: validation , 1997 .

[35]  A. Nixon,et al.  Personal Development Plans , 1994 .

[36]  Daniel Kelly,et al.  Training needs analysis: an evaluation framework. , 2004, Nursing standard (Royal College of Nursing (Great Britain) : 1987).

[37]  Stephen Denby.  The importance of training needs analysis , 2010 .

[38]  Elwood F. Holton,et al.  Large-Scale Performance-Driven Training Needs Assessment , 2000 .

[39]  Allison Rossett,et al.  First Things Fast: A Handbook for Performance Analysis , 1998 .

[40]  Alan Berkeley Thomas,et al.  Research Skills for Management Studies , 2003 .

[42]  Tracey L. Cekada.  Training Needs Assessment: Understanding What Employees Need to Know , 2010 .

[43]  J. W. Altschuld,et al.  Needs Assessment in Education , 2010 .

[44]  B. Metcalfe,et al.  Career management in transition: HRD themes from the Estonian civil service , 2005 .

[45]  Stavros T. Ponis,et al.  Exploring the Knowledge Management Landscape: A Critical Review of Existing Knowledge Management Frameworks , 2010 .

[46]  C. Noble.  The Management of Training in Multinational Corporations: Comparative Case Studies. , 1997 .

[47]  W. Peters.  Repertory Grid as a Tool for Training Needs Analysis , 1994 .

[48]  D. Prozesky,et al.  Assessing management training needs: a study in the Punjab health services, Pakistan. , 1999, Journal of health & population in developing countries.

[49]  Darlene Russ-Eft,et al.  A practical guide to needs assessment, 2nd ed. , 2007 .

[50]  N. Papalexandris,et al.  Exploring the mutual interaction of societal culture and human resource management practices , 2004 .

[51]  Michael L. Moore,et al.  Training Needs Analysis: Review and Critique , 1978 .

[52]  Raymond A. Noe,et al.  SELF‐ASSESSED TRAINING NEEDS: THE EFFECTS OF ATTITUDES TOWARD TRAINING, MANAGERIAL LEVEL, AND FUNCTION , 1987 .

[53]  Don Triner.  Training Needs Assessment: A Contradiction in Terms?. , 1996 .

[54]  Paul J. Taylor,et al.  A new integrated framework for training needs analysis , 1998 .

[55]  Z. Majeed.  A Review of HR Practices in Knowledge-Intensive Firms and MNEs: 2000-2006. , 2009 .

[56]  Samuel B. McClelland.  Training Needs Assessment: An ″Open‐systems″ Application , 1993 .

[57]  Ronald R. Sims,et al.  Training for Competence , 1989 .

[58]  Abdelgadir N. Abdelhafiz Elbadri.  Training practices of Polish companies: an appraisal and agenda for improvement , 2001 .

[59]  A. Rossett.  Training needs assessment , 1987 .

[60]  Roger Kaufman,et al.  An update on relating needs assessment and needs analysis , 1996 .

[61]  Managerial Training Needs: A Study of Spanish Tourism Organisations , 2002 .

[62]  L. Katsanis,et al.  An assessment of professional training for product managers in the pharmaceutical industry , 2006 .

[63]  Brian P. Mathews,et al.  Quality training: Needs and evaluation-findings from a European survey , 2001 .

[64]  Almehdi A. Agnaia.  Assessment of management training needs and selection for training: the case of Libyan companies , 1996 .

[65]  A. Armitage,et al.  Undertaking a structured literature review or structuring a literature review: tales from the field , 2008 .

[66]  M. Morley,et al.  Human Resource Development in Ireland: Organizational Level Evidence. , 2000 .

[67]  R. A. Morano.  Determining Organizational Training Needs. , 1973 .

[68]  Congruence between theory and practice in management training needs analysis , 1992 .

[69]  Peter C.-H. Cheng,et al.  A study of statistical process control: Practice, problems and training needs , 1998 .

[70]  W. van Eerde,et al.  The mediating role of training utility in the relationship between training needs assessment and organizational effectiveness , 2008 .

[71]  J. Guthrie,et al.  A Practical Approach to Conducting and Using the Training Needs Assessment , 1988 .

[72]  W. D. Patton,et al.  Assessing the Training Needs of High-Potential Managers , 2002 .

[73]  Ikhlas A. Abdalla,et al.  A survey of management training and development practices in the State of Kuwait , 1995 .

[74]  Maria Vakola,et al.  What role can a training needs analysis play in organisational change , 2006 .