Identifying roles of international institutions in clean energy technology innovation and diffusion in the developing countries: matching barriers with roles of the institutions

Abstract The development of clean energy technologies is a central issue in climate change negotiation. The signatory countries to the United Nations Convention on Climate Change agreed to organize the Technology Executive Committee and the Climate Technology Centre and Network. The objectives of this paper are twofold. The first objective is to show a broad landscape of barriers in technology development. The paper summarizes the results of key case studies that were conducted to uncover technology-specific barriers in technology development. These case studies include both technologies for industrial use such as wind, bio-energy and building energy efficiency and technologies for individual use such as Light Emitting Diodes and photovoltaic panels. The case studies also contain technologies at the innovation stage such as Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle and Carbon Capture and Storage. The second objective of this paper is to highlight and define roles of international institutions in overcoming identified barriers in clean energy technology development. In this paper four areas of focus for international institutions are discussed, including: 1) increasing R&D cooperation at the innovation stage, 2) facilitation of intellectual property rights, 3) supporting finance, and 4) enhancing the enabling environment at the diffusion stage.

[1]  K. Rennings.  Redefining innovation -- eco-innovation research and the contribution from ecological economics , 2000 .

[2]  David Ockwell,et al.  UK–India collaboration to identify the barriers to the transfer of low carbon energy technology: Final report , 2007 .

[3]  S. Borrás.  System of innovation theory and the European Union , 2004 .

[4]  J. Painuly.  Barriers to renewable energy penetration; a framework for analysis , 2001 .

[5]  Emmanuel Ackom,et al.  Diffusion of renewable energy technologies: Case studies of enabling frameworks in developing countries , 2011 .

[6]  Peter S. Hofman,et al.  Multi-stakeholder partnerships for transfer of environmentally soundtechnologies , 2011 .

[7]  Heleen de Coninck,et al.  Evaluating technology transfer in the Clean Development Mechanism and Joint Implementation , 2007 .

[8]  Kevin J. Murphy,et al.  Analysis of technology transfer in CDM projects: An update , 2009 .

[9]  Carl Dalhammar,et al.  Advancing technology transfer for climate change mitigation: considerations for technology orientated agreements promoting energy efficiency and carbon capture and storage (CCS) , 2009 .

[10]  Sunderasan Srinivasan,et al.  Segmentation of the Indian photovoltaic market , 2004 .

[11]  B. Carlsson,et al.  On the nature, function and composition of technological systems , 1991 .

[12]  R. Luken,et al.  Drivers for and barriers to environmentally sound technology adoption by manufacturing plants in nine developing countries , 2008 .

[13]  John Psarras,et al.  Technology transfer through climate change: Setting a sustainable energy pattern , 2010 .

[14]  D. Ockwell,et al.  Intellectual property rights and low carbon technology transfer: Conflicting discourses of diffusion and development , 2010 .

[15]  Sulabh Jain,et al.  Identifying Barriers for the Implementation and the Operation of Biogas Power Generation Projects in Southeast Asia: An Analysis of Clean Development Mechanism Projects in Thailand , 2010 .

[16]  C. Fischer,et al.  International technology-oriented agreements to address climate change , 2008 .

[17]  Ravi Srinivas Krishna,et al.  Climate Change, Technology Transfer and Intellectual Property Rights , 2009 .

[18]  R. Gross,et al.  UK innovation systems for new and renewable energy technologies: drivers, barriers and systems failures , 2005 .

[19]  N. H. Ravindranath,et al.  Policies to overcome barriers to the spread of bioenergy technologies in India , 2002 .

[20]  Hippu Salk Kristle Nathan,et al.  Commercialization of sustainable energy technologies , 2010 .

[21]  Stephen Peake,et al.  Technology without borders: case studies of successful technology transfer , 2001 .

[22]  A. Jagadeesh,et al.  Wind energy development in Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh, India Institutional dynamics and barriers -- A case study , 2000 .

[23]  P. Balachandra,et al.  Sustainable bioenergy for India: Technical, economic and policy analysis , 2009 .

[24]  J. Painuly,et al.  Diffusion of renewable energy technologies—barriers and stakeholders’ perspectives , 2004 .

[25]  T. Jackson,et al.  The market for solar photovoltaics , 1999 .

[26]  S. Dhar,et al.  Strengthening Clean Energy Technology Cooperation under the UNFCCC: Steps toward Implementation , 2010 .

[27]  Pablo del Río González,et al.  The empirical analysis of the determinants for environmental technological change: A research agenda , 2009 .

[28]  V. Hoffmann,et al.  Understanding the CDM's contribution to technology transfer , 2008 .

[29]  David Ockwell,et al.  UK-India collaborative study on low carbon technology transfer: Phase II Final Report , 2009 .

[30]  Joanna I. Lewis.  Technology Acquisition and Innovation in the Developing World: Wind Turbine Development in China and India , 2007 .

[31]  Norichika Kanie,et al.  Fragmentation of International Low-Carbon Technology Governance: An Assessment in terms of Barriers to Technology Development , 2013 .

[32]  Maosheng Duan,et al.  Technology transfer by CDM projects , 2006 .

[33]  H. C. de Coninck,et al.  Recommendations on future financing options for enhancing the development, deployment, diffusion and transfer of technologies under the Convention , 2009 .

[34]  M. Hekkert,et al.  Cumulative causation in the formation of a technological innovation system: The case of biofuels in the Netherlands , 2009 .

[35]  Haris Doukas,et al.  EU and Asian countries policies and programmes for the diffusion of sustainable energy technologies , 2008 .

[36]  John Psarras,et al.  RES technology transfer within the new climate regime: A “helicopter” view under the CDM , 2009 .

[37]  A. Jaffe,et al.  A tale of two market failures: Technology and environmental policy , 2005 .

[38]  Turlough F. Guerin,et al.  Transferring Environmental Technologies to China , 2001 .

[39]  Vinish Kathuria,et al.  Technology transfer for GHG reduction , 2002 .

[40]  Samantha Ölz,et al.  Deploying Renewables in Southeast Asia: Trends and potentials , 2010 .

[41]  C. Freeman.  The ‘National System of Innovation’ in historical perspective , 1995 .

[42]  Ernst Worrell,et al.  Technology transfer of energy efficient technologies in industry: a review of trends and policy issues , 2001 .

[43]  W. Fox.  Methodological and technological issues in technology transfer , 2002 .

[44]  L. Milford,et al.  Moving climate innovation into the 21st Century: emerging lessons from other sectors and options for a new climate innovation initiative , 2011 .

[45]  S. Thorne,et al.  Towards a framework of clean energy technology receptivity , 2008 .

[46]  What Role for Public Finance in International Climate Change Mitigation , 2008 .