Cognitive Functions and Performance Shaping Factors in Aviation Accidents and Incidents

Is the difference between an accident and an incident merely a matter of luck, or are there significant differences in terms of flight crew performance and associated performance shaping factors (PSFs)? This study obtained self-report data from a sample of 1,144 New Zealand pilots. There were differences between accident- and incident-involved pilots in terms of age, flight experience, and involvement in hazardous events. Incidents were more likely to be attributed to failures to detect or diagnose information, whereas accidents were more likely to be attributed to failures to choose an appropriate goal or strategy. There was no difference in the quantity of PSFs associated with accidents and incidents. These self-report data are consistent with previous findings based on external coding of air accident reports.

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