Optimal capacity and location assessment of natural gas fired distributed generation in residential areas

With the increasing use of natural gas to generate electricity, installed natural gas fired microturbines are found in residential areas to generate electricity locally. This paper discusses the methodology of assessing optimal capacity and locations for installing natural gas fired microturbines in distribution residential network. The IEEE 123 Node Test Feeder was selected as the test bed. Three phase unbalanced electric power flow was run in OpenDSS through COM server, and the gas distribution network was analyzed using GASWorkS. The continual sensitivity analysis methodology was proposed to select multiple DG locations and annual simulation was run to minimize annual average losses. Nodal pressures of the gas system were checked for various cases to investigate if existing gas distribution network can accommodate the penetration of selected microturbines. The results indicate the optimal locations suitable to place microturbines and capacity that can be accommodated by the system.

[1]  Samuel T. Ariaratnam,et al.  Network Capacity Assessment of Combined Heat and Power-Based Distributed Generation in Urban Energy Infrastructures , 2013, IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid.

[2]  G. G. Karady,et al.  Nexus between distributed generation and urban water infrastructure , 2012, 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[3]  H. R. Pota,et al.  Optimum allocation and sizing of DG unit for efficiency enhancement of distribution system , 2012, 2012 IEEE International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference Melaka, Malaysia.

[4]  George G. Karady,et al.  Design methods investigation for residential microgrid infrastructure , 2011 .

[5]  M.H. Nehrir,et al.  A Simulink-based microturbine model for distributed generation studies , 2005, Proceedings of the 37th Annual North American Power Symposium, 2005..

[6]  Gareth Harrison,et al.  Network Distributed Generation Capacity Analysis Using OPF With Voltage Step Constraints , 2010 .

[7]  H. R. Pota,et al.  Optimum capacity allocation of DG units based on unbalanced three-phase optimal power flow , 2012, 2012 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[8]  Amany El-Zonkoly,et al.  Optimal placement of multi-distributed generation units including different load models using particle swarm optimisation , 2011 .

[9]  Xianjun Zhang,et al.  Network Capacity Assessment of CHP-based Distributed Generation on Urban Energy Distribution Networks , 2013 .

[10]  Nadarajah Mithulananthan,et al.  Analytical Expressions for DG Allocation in Primary Distribution Networks , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion.

[11]  Roger C. Dugan,et al.  An open source platform for collaborating on smart grid research , 2011, 2011 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting.

[12]  C. R. Fuerte-Esquivel,et al.  A Unified Gas and Power Flow Analysis in Natural Gas and Electricity Coupled Networks , 2012, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[13]  Lennart Söder,et al.  Distributed generation : a definition , 2001 .

[14]  Nadarajah Mithulananthan,et al.  AN ANALYTICAL APPROACH FOR DG ALLOCATION IN PRIMARY DISTRIBUTION NETWORK , 2006 .

[15]  宮森 悠 ライブラリー Annual Energy Outlook 2000 , 2000 .

[16]  Robert Lasseter,et al.  MicroGrids , 2002, 2002 IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting. Conference Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37309).

[17]  Benjamin Kroposki,et al.  Understanding Fault Characteristics of Inverter-Based Distributed Energy Resources , 2010 .

[18]  Samuel T. Ariaratnam,et al.  Optimal Allocation of CHP-Based Distributed Generation on Urban Energy Distribution Networks , 2014, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy.

[19]  I. Dobson,et al.  Voltage collapse in power systems , 1992, IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine.

[20]  H. R. Pota,et al.  Loss reduction of power distribution network using optimum size and location of distributed generation , 2011, AUPEC 2011.

[21]  F. Pilo,et al.  A multiobjective evolutionary algorithm for the sizing and siting of distributed generation , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[22]  James O'Donnell,et al.  Voltage Management of Networks with Distributed Generation. , 2008 .

[23]  B.H. Bakken,et al.  Energy service systems: integrated planning case studies , 2004, IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2004..

[24]  Ratnesh K. Sharma,et al.  Optimal energy management of a rural microgrid system using multi-objective optimization , 2012, 2012 IEEE PES Innovative Smart Grid Technologies (ISGT).

[25]  L.F. Ochoa,et al.  Efficient Secure AC OPF for Network Generation Capacity Assessment , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[26]  N. Mithulananthan,et al.  Distributed Generator Placement in Power Distribution System Using Genetic Algorithm to Reduce Losses , 2004 .

[27]  W. El-khattam,et al.  Optimal investment planning for distributed generation in a competitive electricity market , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[28]  A.C.Z. de Souza,et al.  Modeling the Integrated Natural Gas and Electricity Optimal Power Flow , 2007, 2007 IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting.

[29]  Ishak Aris,et al.  Effective method for optimal allocation of distributed generation units in meshed electric power systems , 2011 .

[30]  C. Schwaegerl Advanced Architectures and Control Concepts for More Microgrids , 2008 .

[31]  Salvador Acha,et al.  Integrated modelling of gas and electricity distribution networks with a high penetration of embedded generation , 2008 .

[32]  B. Cook,et al.  Introduction to fuel cells and hydrogen technology , 2002 .

[33]  M. E. El-Hawary,et al.  Optimal Distributed Generation Allocation and Sizing in Distribution Systems via Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery.

[34]  Clodomiro Unsihuay-Vila,et al.  A Model to Long-Term, Multiarea, Multistage, and Integrated Expansion Planning of Electricity and Natural Gas Systems , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[35]  Caisheng Wang,et al.  Analytical approaches for optimal placement of distributed generation sources in power systems , 2004 .

[36]  Gang Li,et al.  Modeling and simulation of a microturbine generation system based on PSCAD/EMTDC , 2010, 2010 5th International Conference on Critical Infrastructure (CRIS).

[37]  V. Gonzalez,et al.  Learning classifiers shape reactive power to decrease losses in power distribution networks , 2005, IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, 2005.

[38]  Liu Wu,et al.  Optimum Distribution of Aseismic Engineering Investment for Gas Pipeline Network System Based on Improved Particle Swarm Algorithm , 2009, 2009 Second International Conference on Intelligent Computation Technology and Automation.

[39]  Caisheng Wang,et al.  Analytical approaches for optimal placement of distributed generation sources in power systems , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.

[40]  J.A.P. Lopes,et al.  Defining control strategies for MicroGrids islanded operation , 2006, IEEE Transactions on Power Systems.