Review of three neglected species of Ctenomys (Rodentia: Ctenomyidae) from Argentina

Ctenomys is one of the most speciose genera among South American rodents, whose systematics have not yet been fully elucidated. One of the difficulties for clarifying the identity of its species is the limited information available on some of them, erected more than a century ago and of which only the original descriptions are known, generally very poorly detailed. Our study provides new information about Ctenomys coludo Thomas 1920, based on the collection of topotype specimens that allowed us to perform more detailed morphological and molecular analyses, and to compare them with the available information referred to the holotype, with specimens deposited in museum collections, and other species of the genus that have been proposed as related to C. coludo. Our results allow us to place C. coludo as a member of the mendocinus group, proposing C. famosus Thomas, 1920 as a junior synonym for C. coludo. We also recognize Ctenomys johannis as a valid and full species, and provide unpublished information on it from the collection of specimens at the type locality. Thus, we add new areas for the distribution of these species and present their phylogenetic relationships. Ctenomys es uno de los géneros más especiosos entre los roedores sudamericanos, cuya sistemática aún no ha sido completamente dilucidada. Una de las dificultades para esclarecer la identidad de sus especies es la escasa información disponible sobre algunas de ellas descritas hace más de un siglo y de las que sólo se conocen las descripciones originales, generalmente muy poco detalladas. Nuestro estudio aporta nueva información sobre Ctenomys coludo Thomas, 1920 basada en la recolecta de topotipos que permitieron realizar análisis morfológicos y moleculares más detallados y compararlos con la información disponible sobre el holotipo, con ejemplares depositados en colecciones de museos y con otras especies del género que han sido propuestas como emparentadas con C. coludo. Nuestros resultados nos permiten situar a C. coludo como miembro del grupo mendocinus, y proponer a C. famosus Thomas, 1920 como sinónimo junior de C. coludo. También reconocemos a Ctenomys johannis como una especie válida y plena, y proporcionamos información inédita sobre ella a partir de la colecta de ejemplares en la localidad tipo. Así, añadimos nuevas áreas para la distribución de estas especies y presentamos sus relaciones filogenéticas.

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