A brief survey of radiation effects on polymer dielectrics

Future space power needs are extrapolated to be at least three to four orders of magnitude more than is currently available. This long-term reliable power will be required on missions such as the Space Station, Pathfinder, Space Plane, and high-powered satellites, and for national defense. Electrical insulation and dielectrics are the key electrical materials needed to support these power systems, where a single-point system failure could prove catastrophic or even fatal for the whole mission. Therefore, the impact of radiation, an environmental stress, on the properties and performance of insulation and dielectrics must be understood. The influence of radiation on polymer dielectrics, the insulating materials most commonly used for power transmission and storage, is reviewed. The effects of the type of radiation, dose, rate, and total exposure on the key electrical, mechanical, and physical properties of polymer dielectrics are described and explained. >

[1]  Adolphe Chapiro,et al.  Radiation Chemistry of Polymeric Systems , 1962 .

[2]  A. Hammoud,et al.  Effect of high energy electron radiation on MIPB-impregnated polypropylene film , 1988 .

[3]  R. Faria,et al.  Radiation‐induced conductivity of polymers in different gases , 1987 .

[4]  G. Atchison.  Color and radical formation in irradiated polyvinyl chloride , 1961 .

[5]  J. Fowler.  X-ray induced conductivity in insulating materials , 1956, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[6]  B. Passenheim,et al.  Electrical Conductivity and Discharge in Spacecraft Thermal Control Dielectrics , 1982, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science.

[7]  M. H. Van de Voorde,et al.  Selection guide to organic materials for nuclear engineering , 1972 .

[8]  A. J. Tuckerman,et al.  Selection and evaluation of organic dielectric materials for spacecraft , 1967 .

[9]  W. Dieterle,et al.  The selection and properties of epoxide resins used for the insulation of magnet systems in radiation environments , 1981 .

[10]  A. Hammoud,et al.  Characterization of electron-irradiated biaxially-oriented polypropylene films , 1988 .

[11]  Jacobus Hendricus van Lint,et al.  Mechanisms of Radiation Effects in Electronic Materials (Volume 1) , 1980 .

[12]  D. Moir,et al.  Radiation‐induced transient darkening of optically transparent polymers , 1986 .

[13]  K. McLaren.  Dynamic mechanical studies of irradiation effects in polytetrafluoroethylene , 1965 .

[14]  A. Charlesby,et al.  The degradation of solid polymethylmethacrylate by ionizing radiation , 1954, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[15]  Fj Campbell.  Radiation Effects on the Electrical Properties of Solid Insulation , 1983 .

[16]  A. Hammoud,et al.  Electron Radiation Effects on the Electrical and Mechanical Properties of Polypropylene , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science.

[17]  John B. Singletary,et al.  Space materials handbook , 1965 .

[18]  Repetitive Phenomena in Dielectrics , 1987, IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation.

[19]  P. Pillai,et al.  Electrical conduction in Kapton polyimide film at high electrical fields , 1982 .

[20]  K. Stark,et al.  Electric Strength of Irradiated Polythene , 1955, Nature.

[21]  G. H. Mauldin,et al.  Advanced development of electrical-energy-storage components for high-reliability applications , 1981 .

[22]  J. Laghari,et al.  Effects of fast neutron radiation on polypropylene , 1989 .

[23]  J. Corelli,et al.  Effect of ionizing radiation on the chemical composition, crystalline content and structure, and flow properties of polytetrafluoroethylene , 1981 .

[24]  A. Miller.  Radiation Chemistry of Polyvinyl Chloride , 1959 .

[25]  K. Gillen,et al.  Radiation-thermal degradation of PE and PVC: Mechanism of synergism and dose rate effects , 1981 .

[26]  S. E. Harrison.  A STUDY OF GAMMA-RAY PHOTOCONDUCTIVITY IN ORGANIC DIELECTRIC MATERIALS (thesis) , 1962 .

[27]  F. Bovey.  The effects of ionizing radiation on natural and synthetic high polymers , 1958 .

[28]  F. Bouquet,et al.  Radiation Design Considerations for Advanced Jupiter Spacecraft , 1979, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science.

[29]  J. Calderwood,et al.  Thermally assisted tunnelling in polyimide film under steady-state and transient conditions , 1973 .

[30]  R. C. Hughes,et al.  Radiation‐induced photoconductivity in polymers: Poly(vinylidene fluoride) compared with polyethylene terephthalate , 1983 .

[31]  Fathi Ahmed,et al.  Breakdown of Solid Insulating Films by Partial Discharge Using Sinusoidal and Pulse Voltages , 1978, IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation.

[32]  Y. Nakase,et al.  Effect of Dose Rate on Degradation Behavior of Insulating Polymer Miaterials , 1979, IEEE Transactions on Electrical Insulation.

[33]  M. V. D. Voorde.  Effects of radiation on materials and components , 1970 .

[34]  Emanuel L. Brancato,et al.  Effects of Electron Irradiation on the Electrical Properties of Mylar , 1957, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. Part III: Power Apparatus and Systems.

[35]  J. Nelson,et al.  Breakdown Strength of Solids , 1983 .

[36]  Gabor Liptak,et al.  Radiation tests on selected electrical insulating materials for high-power and high voltage application , 1985 .