2D nanosheet-assembled Pd ZnO microflowers for acetone sensor with enhanced performances

Abstract Hierarchical microflowers architecture assembled with 2D porous ZnO nanosheets were fabricated by a one-step solvothermal method and subsequent annealing process. A series of Pd ZnO have been produced by injecting various volumes of Pd(NO 3 ) 2 ·2H 2 O solution. The ZnO and Pd ZnO microflowers are applied to fabricate gas sensors to investigate their sensing characteristics for various gases at different operating temperatures. The 0.05 wt% Pd ZnO exhibit the highest selective enhancement of acetone (165%) than ammonia (0.9%), methanal (38%), methanol (71%), H 2 (35%) and CO (15%). In addition, it possesses the lower operating temperature and shorter response/recovery times (11s, 5s) toward acetone gas compared with the pure ZnO microflowers.

[1]  Pulsed laser deposition of ZnO thin films decorated with Au and Pd nanoparticles with enhanced acetone sensing performance , 2017, 1704.04279.

[2]  Fang Qian,et al.  Nitrogen-doped ZnO nanowire arrays for photoelectrochemical water splitting. , 2009, Nano letters.

[3]  M. Hon,et al.  Improvement in CO sensing characteristics by decorating ZnO nanorod arrays with Pd nanoparticles and the related mechanisms , 2012 .

[4]  Ying Zhang,et al.  Atomic structure-dominated enhancement of acetone sensing for a ZnO nanoplate with highly exposed (0001) facet , 2017 .

[5]  Jun Zhang,et al.  Hierarchically Porous ZnO Architectures for Gas Sensor Application , 2009 .

[6]  H. Duan,et al.  Dynamic Color Displays Using Stepwise Cavity Resonators. , 2017, Nano letters.

[7]  Wang Dejun,et al.  Effects of noble metal modification on surface oxygen composition, charge separation and photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles , 2006 .

[8]  S. Choopun,et al.  Acetone gas sensors based on ZnO nanostructures decorated with Pt and Nb , 2017 .

[9]  Guozhong Cao,et al.  ZnO Nanostructures for Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells , 2009 .

[10]  M. Meyyappan,et al.  Enhanced acetone sensing properties of monolayer graphene at room temperature by electrode spacing effect and UV illumination , 2017 .

[11]  Fang Qian,et al.  Double-sided CdS and CdSe quantum dot co-sensitized ZnO nanowire arrays for photoelectrochemical hydrogen generation. , 2010, Nano letters.

[12]  A. Nikfarjam,et al.  Fabrication of a Highly Sensitive Single Aligned TiO2 and Gold Nanoparticle Embedded TiO2 Nano-Fiber Gas Sensor. , 2017, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[13]  S. Komarneni,et al.  Hierarchical ZnO Nanosheet-Nanorod Architectures for Fabrication of Poly(3-hexylthiophene)/ZnO Hybrid NO2 Sensor. , 2016, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[14]  Lei Huo,et al.  Highly enhanced acetone sensing performances of porous and single crystalline ZnO nanosheets: high percentage of exposed (100) facets working together with surface modification with Pd nanoparticles. , 2012, ACS applied materials & interfaces.

[15]  W. Zeng,et al.  Facile synthesis of thin nanosheet assembled flower-like NiO–ZnO composite and its ethanol-sensing performance , 2016, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics.

[16]  Yanhong Lin,et al.  UV-light illumination room temperature HCHO gas-sensing mechanism of ZnO with different nanostructures , 2016 .

[17]  Zhenyu Feng,et al.  In-situ generation of highly dispersed Au nanoparticles on porous ZnO nanoplates via ion exchange from hydrozincite for VOCs gas sensing , 2018 .

[18]  Jenny Nelson,et al.  Hybrid polymer/zinc oxide photovoltaic devices with vertically oriented ZnO nanorods and an amphiphilic molecular interface layer. , 2006, The journal of physical chemistry. B.

[19]  Jie Zhang,et al.  ZnFe2O4 nanoparticles: Synthesis, characterization, and enhanced gas sensing property for acetone , 2015 .

[20]  W. Xing,et al.  Enhanced catalytic properties of Pd nanoparticles by their deposition on ZnO-coated ceramic membranes , 2016 .

[21]  Parmanand Sharma,et al.  Ferromagnetism above room temperature in bulk and transparent thin films of Mn-doped ZnO , 2003, Nature materials.

[22]  B. Sreedhar,et al.  Biomimetic synthesis of gum acacia mediated Pd-ZnO and Pd-TiO2 – Promising nanocatalysts for selective hydrogenation of nitroarenes , 2018 .

[23]  Shu’ni Li,et al.  Nonlinear Optical Rod Indium-Imidazoledicarboxylate Framework as Room-Temperature Gas Sensor for Butanol Isomers , 2017 .

[24]  Li Yang,et al.  Improved ethanol gas sensing performances of a ZnO/Co3O4 composite induced by its flytrap-like structure. , 2017, Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP.

[25]  Cuiping Gu,et al.  Preparation of porous flower-like CuO/ZnO nanostructures and analysis of their gas-sensing property , 2013 .

[26]  J. Zhan,et al.  Fabrication and Gas‐Sensing Properties of Porous ZnO Nanoplates , 2008 .

[27]  Guanhua Zhang,et al.  High‐Performance and Ultra‐Stable Lithium‐Ion Batteries Based on MOF‐Derived ZnO@ZnO Quantum Dots/C Core–Shell Nanorod Arrays on a Carbon Cloth Anode , 2015, Advanced materials.

[28]  Jing Yin,et al.  Acetone sensing of ZnO nanosheets synthesized using room-temperature precipitation , 2017 .

[29]  Jin Li,et al.  Multilayered ZnO Nanosheets with 3D Porous Architectures: Synthesis and Gas Sensing Application , 2010 .

[30]  Dianzeng Jia,et al.  ZnO twin-spheres exposed in ±(001) facets: stepwise self-assembly growth and anisotropic blue emission. , 2013, ACS nano.

[31]  Kazuhiko Maeda,et al.  GaN:ZnO solid solution as a photocatalyst for visible-light-driven overall water splitting. , 2005, Journal of the American Chemical Society.

[32]  R. Sankar Ganesh,et al.  Sensitivity enhancement of ammonia gas sensor based on Ag/ZnO flower and nanoellipsoids at low temperature , 2018 .

[33]  Changling Yu,et al.  Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic performance of noble metals (Ag, Pd, Pt, Rh) deposited on sponge-like ZnO microcuboids , 2013 .

[34]  Dianqing Li,et al.  Synthesis and Gas Sensing Performance of Dandelion-Like ZnO with Hierarchical Porous Structure , 2014 .

[35]  S. Manorama,et al.  Hydrothermal synthesis of highly crystalline ZnO nanoparticles: A competitive sensor for LPG and EtOH , 2006 .

[36]  Xian-Shi Deng,et al.  Synthesis and substantially enhanced gas sensing sensitivity of homogeneously nanoscale Pd- and Au-particle decorated ZnO nanostructures , 2014 .

[37]  Xingfu Zhou,et al.  From Zn4(CO3)(OH)6·H2O curling nanopetals to ZnO stretching porous nanosheets: Growth mechanism and gas sensing property , 2012 .

[38]  D. He,et al.  Controllable synthesis of hierarchical assembled porous ZnO microspheres for acetone gas sensor , 2015 .

[39]  Prashant V Kamat,et al.  Graphene-semiconductor nanocomposites: excited-state interactions between ZnO nanoparticles and graphene oxide. , 2009, Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids.