The electrical hazard of the future
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This paper calls attention to a continuing and growing problem concerning an ever-present electrical hazard that is being swept under the rug. Several miscalculations and lack of understanding of grounding have combined over the past 80 years to set into motion the electrocution of dairy cows, pigs and humans residing in North America from the electrical distribution system. The urge to reduce costs by the utility companies has resulted in the lack of maintenance of the electrical distribution system. This combined with an expected increase in peak demand of 16 percent over the next decade is expected to result in an increase in stray current flowing uncontrolled over the earth shocking and killing not only dairy cows and pigs, but humans too.
[1] Donald W. Zipse. The hazardous multigrounded neutral distribution system and dangerous stray currents , 2003, IEEE Industry Applications Society 50th Annual Petroleum and Chemical Industry Conference, 2003. Record of Conference Papers..
[2] D.W. Zipse. Equipotential Planes, a Figment of the Imagination , 2006, 2006 IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference - Conference Record.