In vitro Analysis of Coronal Bacterial Leakage in Teeth Filled with Calcium Hydroxide Pastes

Objective: To evaluate the physical barrier effect of two calcium hydroxide pastes prepared with different vehicles in root canals exposed to human saliva for 20 days. Method: Fifty single-rooted human teeth were divided into two experimental groups with 20 teeth each, one positive control group with 5 teeth and one negative control group with 5 teeth. A crown-down chemomechanical preparation was performed under irrigation with 1% NaOCl and 17% EDTA. After sterilization of the teeth, the canals were filled with either a paste of calcium hydroxide and distilled water (Group I) or a paste of calcium hydroxide with camphorated paramonochlorophenol (PMCC) and polyethylene glycol 400 (Group II). The behavior of the physical barrier effect of the pastes was observed during 20 days, through the use of an apparatus in which were placed brain heart infusion (BHI) culture medium, the tooth filled with paste and human saliva in BHI, all of them accommodated separately. Results: After the established period, turbidity occurred in only 1 of the 20 specimens (5%) of the group filled with a paste of calcium hydroxide and distilled water (Group I). In the group filled with a paste of calcium hydroxide and PMCC in polyethylene glycol 400 (Group II) turbidity occurred in 5 specimens (25%). Conclusion: It may be concluded that both calcium hydroxide pastes analyzed in the study acted as a physical barrier to coronal leakage in root canals exposed to a contaminated environment; however, the group filled with calcium hydroxide and distilled water showed a smaller number of specimens with leakage, differing significantly from the group filled with calcium hydroxide with PMCC and polyethylene glycol 400.

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