STATISTICAL APPROACHES TO SEISMIC DISCRIMINATION

Conventional methods for discriminating between earthquakes and explosions at regional distances have concentrated on extracting specific features from the waveforms of the two arrival phases seen on the seismic record, denoted in this paper by P and S. The specific features usually considered are amplitude ratios, measures of waveform complexity or various kinds of spectral ratios, suggesting that the main characterization of the differences between earthquakes and explosions can be reduced to comparing differences between the amplitude ratios or the spectral ratios of the two arrival phases. For purposes of discussion, we will term this approach the feature extraction approach. The variations on the above theme seem to change depending on the author and on the general region within which the discrimination study is done. The features may then combined using an optimal statistical procedure that assumes multivariate normality for the extracted feature vector and maximizes the probability of detecting an explosion for a fixed specified rate of false alarms.

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