An energy efficient target tracking algorithm based on triangular cluster in WSNs

Energy efficiency is a critical issue for mobile target tracking in wireless sensor networks, which typically consist of small-sized battery-operated devices with limited processing capability. Clustering techniques are widely adopted for target tracking in large-scale sensor networks to reduce energy consumption and delay. In this paper, we propose an energy efficient target tracking algorithm, called triangular cluster-based target tracking (TCTT). However, clustering based target tracking suffers from the boundary problem caused by insufficient switch among clusters when the target moves close to the boundary. To overcome the boundary problem, we propose a cluster transforming mechanism to prevent loss of the target. To reduce the complexity of accurately locating the target position, we employ the gray model prediction algorithm with wavelet denoising. Through simulation results, we show that our proposed scheme achieves better energy efficiency compared with other typical target tracking algorithms.