Striosomes and Matrisomes

In the past twelve years it has become clear that most neurotransmitter systems in the striatum are differentially distributed with respect to striosomes (“striatal bodies”) and their surrounding extrastriosomal matrix (Graybiel and Ragsdale, 1978, 1983; Herkenham and Pert, 1981; Gerfen, 1984; Gerfen et al., 1985a). The boundaries between striosomes and matrix govern the distributions of neurotransmitter-related compounds ranging from cholinergic and monoaminergic receptors and uptake sites to neuropeptides, benzodiazepine receptors, and calcium-binding proteins. The neurochemical differences between striosomes and matrix reflect differential distributions of striatal afferent fibers, interneurons and projection neurons in striosomes and matrix (see Graybiel, 1990 for review). The different neurochemistry, inputs, and outputs of striosomes and matrix all suggest that the two striatal compartments have different functional roles.

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