Diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy

Bright lesions, in the form of exudates and cotton wool spots, and dark lesions, such as hemorrhages, are indicators of the disease. Challenges in this field include segmentation of these features, as well as blood vessels. The literature has used various techniques such as matched-filtering, morphological operations, scale-spaced region growing, edge detection, local thresholding, nearest neighbor pixel segmentation, and neural network pixel segmentation.