Design and robustness analysis of an Automatic Voltage Regulator system controller by using Equilibrium Optimizer algorithm

Abstract In this paper, a novel design method for the determination of the optimal values of the Proportional – Integral – Derivative (PID) controller parameters of an Automatic Voltage Regulation (AVR) system is proposed. This method is based on the usage of the Equilibrium Optimizer (EO) algorithm. In order to demonstrate the applicability and efficiency of the proposed algorithm, the literature review of papers dealing with AVR PID design has been considered first. After that, time responses of the AVR system (including PID controller optimized by EO algorithm) with and without different kinds of disturbances have been compared with corresponding results determined for different literature approaches. Furthermore, the comparisons in terms of the accuracy, requested time for one iteration, the total execution time of the algorithm, and convergence characteristics are performed, too. The results show that the EO algorithm significantly outperforms other techniques for all considered criteria.

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