Measurement of thermophysical properties of fluids

Abstract The experimental determination of the thermophysical properties of fluids remains an active field of research. Experimental methods, whose principles are in most cases classical, use modern electronics and computers. The introduction of these techniques frequently improves the accuracy of the measurements and in any case makes the experimentation less tedious. The principles of the methods are discussed and some devices are briefly described. Both equilibrium properties and transport properties are reviewed.

[1]  J. L. Sengers,et al.  Semiautomated PVT facility for fluids and fluid mixtures , 1987 .

[2]  D. Diller,et al.  Composition of Mixtures of Natural Gas Components Determined by Raman Spectrometry , 1980 .

[3]  A. Nagashima,et al.  ABSOLUTE MEASUREMENT OF THE THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF ELECTRICALLY CONDUCTING LIQUIDS BY THE TRANSIENT HOT-WIRE METHOD (THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY OF AN AQUEOUS NaCl SOLUTION AT HIGH PRESSURE). , 1981 .

[4]  C. Epp,et al.  Apparatus for PVT Measurements of Gases to 10 Kilobars , 1969 .

[5]  M. Lallemand,et al.  Equation of State of Dense Fluids: Comparison with Machine Calculations and Estimations from Pressure Dependence of Dielectric Constant Measurements , 1979 .

[6]  J. Sengers,et al.  The thermal conductivity of carbon dioxide in the critical region , 1962 .

[7]  H. Y. Lo Diffusion coefficients in binary liquid n-alkane systems , 1974 .

[8]  Maria L. Japas,et al.  High Pressure Phase Equilibria and PVT‐Data. of the Water‐Nitrogen System to 673 K and 250 MPa , 1985 .

[9]  W. Wagner,et al.  Measurement and correlation of the equilibrium liquid and vapour densities and the vapour pressure along the coexistence curve of methane , 1986 .

[10]  W. M. Haynes Viscosity of gaseous and liquid argon , 1973 .

[11]  R. K. Crawford,et al.  Equation‐of‐State Measurements in Compressed Argon , 1969 .

[12]  W. Urbach,et al.  Mass diffusion measurements in liquid crystals by a novel optical method , 1978 .

[13]  R. Lichtenthaler,et al.  An Isothermal Flow Calorimeter for Pressures to 600 bar , 1979 .

[14]  Robert H. Wood,et al.  Enthalpy of dilution of aqueous sodium chloride at 348.15 to 472.95 K measured with a flow calorimeter , 1975 .

[15]  D. Richon,et al.  New variable volume cell for determining vapor-liquid equilibriums and saturated liquid molar volumes by the static method , 1981 .

[16]  G. Schneider,et al.  Fluid Phase Equilibria of Binary Mixtures of SF6 with Octane, Nonane, Hendecane, and Decahydronaphthalene,cis at Temperatures between 280 K and 440 K and at Pressures up to 140 MPa in Comparison to Mixtures of Hydrocarbons with CO2, CF4, and CHF3 , 1985 .

[17]  R. Reid,et al.  The Properties of Gases and Liquids , 1977 .

[18]  R. Powell,et al.  Thermal conductivities of liquids: new determinations for seven liquids and appraisal of existing values , 1956, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A. Mathematical and Physical Sciences.

[19]  T. Bose,et al.  Direct determination of the second refractivity virial coefficient of methane, nitrogen, and five of their mixtures , 1986 .

[20]  Emmanuel P. Papadakis,et al.  Ultrasonic Phase Velocity by the Pulse‐Echo‐Overlap Method Incorporating Diffraction Phase Corrections , 1967 .

[21]  T. Irvine,et al.  The falling needle viscometer a new technique for viscosity measurements , 1984 .

[22]  I. Kolthoff Treatise on analytical chemistry , 1959 .

[23]  T. Makita,et al.  Viscosity of twelve hydrocarbon liquids in the temperature range 298–348 K at pressures up to 110 MPa , 1982 .

[24]  P. Dunlop,et al.  Pressure dependence of the mutual diffusion coefficients of the binary systems N2 + Ar, N2 + O2, O2 + Ar and Ar + Kr at 300 and 323 K , 1980 .

[25]  S. Saxena,et al.  An instrument for the measurement of thermal properties of gases and metal wires , 1974 .

[26]  J. Straub,et al.  Thermal diffusivity of fluids in a broad region around the critical point , 1987 .

[27]  H. Wouters,et al.  Isotherms of helium between 0° and 150°C up to 200 Amagat , 1941 .

[28]  R. Dipippo,et al.  A high-temperature oscillating-disk viscometer , 1966 .

[29]  D. Vidal,et al.  Vitesse des ultrasons dans les gaz rares sous haute pression a la temperature de 298.15 K , 1979 .

[30]  G. Schneider,et al.  High pressure phase equilibria: experimental methods , 1986 .

[31]  E. Charles,et al.  The use of a vibrating wire viscometer in liquids , 1980 .

[32]  D. Richon,et al.  Simultaneous determination of vapor–liquid equilibria and saturated densities up to 45 MPa and 433 K , 1984 .

[33]  H. Teranishi,et al.  Ultrasonic speeds and densities of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (viscosity grades 30 and 50×10−4 m · s−1) at 298.15, 303.15, and 308.15 K under high pressures , 1985 .

[34]  H. Berg,et al.  Measurements of the viscosity of sulfur hexaflouride up to 100 bar by a capillary-flow viscometer , 1985 .

[35]  J. Straub,et al.  Surface tension, coexistence curve, and vapor pressure of binary liquid-gas mixtures , 1986 .

[36]  W. Wakeham,et al.  Mutual diffusion coefficients for binary mixtures of normal alkanes , 1982 .

[37]  G. Schneider,et al.  NIR—spectroscopic investigations on phase behaviour of low—volatile organic substances in supercritical carbon dioxide , 1985 .

[38]  H. A. Oeye,et al.  Viscosity of molten alkaline-earth chlorides , 1982 .

[39]  Wolfgang Wagner,et al.  Measurement and correlation of the (pressure, density, temperature) relation of nitrogen in the temperature range from 273.15 to 323.15 K at pressures up to 8 MPa , 1988 .

[40]  J. Petitet,et al.  Thermodynamic properties of molten nitrates under pressure obtained from velocity of sound , 1987 .

[41]  E. U. Franck,et al.  Solubility of anthracene in dense gases and liquids to 200°C and 2000 bar , 1983 .

[42]  M. Moldover,et al.  Precision acoustic measurements with a spherical resonator: Ar and C2H4 , 1981 .

[43]  W. A. Wakeham,et al.  The theory of the Taylor dispersion technique for liquid diffusivity measurements , 1980 .

[44]  J. W. Haarman A contribution to the theory of the transient hot-wire method , 1971 .

[45]  A. G. Clarke,et al.  Low‐Temperature Viscosities of Argon, Krypton, and Xenon , 1968 .

[46]  William A. Wakeham,et al.  Transient hot-wire measurements of the thermal conductivity of gases at elevated temperatures , 1986 .

[47]  J. Sengers,et al.  The thermal conductivity of carbon dioxide in the critical region: I. The thermal conductivity apparatus , 1962 .

[48]  G. Schneider,et al.  High-pressure phase studies on fluid mixtures of low-volatile organic substances with supercritical carbon dioxide , 1983 .

[49]  E. Purcell,et al.  Effects of Diffusion on Free Precession in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Experiments , 1954 .