“It’s a place to climb”: place meanings of indoor rock climbing facilities

Many recreation and sport activities that traditionally took place in natural settings are now being made available to people in artificial settings. This trend raises fundamental questions about the relevance of place to participants. This paper, therefore, examines the place meanings that rock climbers develop for indoor climbing facilities. Twenty-one rock climbers from Western Canada participated in semi-structured interviews, during which they provided detailed narratives about their climbing experiences. Nine place-based themes (consciously artificial, re-creating nature, accessibility, distinct sport, outdoor desires, loyalty, skill development, physical fitness, and camaraderie) emerged in the analysis and were grouped into three dimensions (physical, experiential, and activity). The findings reveal that indoor climbing facilities are indeed places that are infused with meanings. By understanding these meanings, setting managers are in a better position to foster positive place experiences for participants.

[1]  Ferdinand Frauscher,et al.  Finger Injuries in Extreme Rock Climbers , 1999, The American journal of sports medicine.

[2]  Catherine Nash,et al.  Performativity in practice: some recent work in cultural geography , 2000 .

[3]  J. Tivers From artificiality to authenticity? The development of dry ski-slopes in , 1997 .

[4]  Stephen G. Sutton,et al.  Natural area visitors' place meaning and place attachment ascribed to a marine setting , 2012 .

[5]  The importance of place: advances in science and application. , 2003 .

[6]  J. Howell Manufacturing experiences: urban development, sport and recreation , 2005 .

[7]  R. Sack The Consumer's World: Place as Context , 1988 .

[8]  L. Manzo,et al.  For better or worse: Exploring multiple dimensions of place meaning , 2005 .

[9]  D. Montgomery,et al.  Stakeholder views of place meanings along the Niagara Escarpment: an exploratory Q methodological inquiry , 2010 .

[10]  G. Kyle,et al.  Linking place preferences with place meaning: An examination of the relationship between place motivation and place attachment , 2004 .

[11]  Omer Mei-Dan,et al.  Adventure and extreme sports injuries : epidemiology, treatment, rehabilitation and prevention , 2013 .

[12]  Ann Chih Lin,et al.  Bridging Positivist and Interpretivist Approaches to Qualitative Methods , 1998 .

[13]  The First Step towards a Climbing Wall: Writing a Proposal , 2001 .

[14]  Thomas Kuepper,et al.  Injuries at the 2005 World Championships in Rock Climbing , 2006, Wilderness & environmental medicine.

[15]  P. Mullins Living Stories of the Landscape: Perception of Place through Canoeing in Canada's North , 2009 .

[16]  M. F. Collins,et al.  Up the wall: the impact of the development of climbing walls on British rock climbing. , 1998 .

[17]  R. Gephart Qualitative Research and the Academy of Management Journal , 2004 .

[18]  Y. Tuan,et al.  Language and the Making of Place: A Narrative‐Descriptive Approach , 1991 .

[19]  Mark A. Minor,et al.  Climbing the walls [robots] , 2002, IEEE Robotics Autom. Mag..

[20]  Maria Lewicka,et al.  Ways to make people active: The role of place attachment, cultural capital, and neighborhood ties , 2005 .

[21]  Bret R. Shaw,et al.  Place meanings surrounding an urban natural area: A qualitative inquiry , 2011 .

[22]  René Kural Changing spaces for sports1 , 2010 .

[23]  A. Sheel,et al.  Physiology of sport rock climbing , 2004, British Journal of Sports Medicine.

[24]  Understanding concepts of place in recreation research and management. , 2008 .

[25]  Maarten van Bottenburg,et al.  The indoorisation of outdoor sports: an exploration of the rise of lifestyle sports in artificial settings , 2010 .

[26]  R. Stedman,et al.  Environmental Concern: Examining the Role of Place Meaning and Place Attachment , 2013 .

[27]  P. Barratt Vertical worlds: technology, hybridity and the climbing body , 2011 .

[28]  Jon Anderson Cathedrals of the surf zone: regulating access to a space of spirituality , 2013 .

[29]  S. Eden,et al.  Outdoors versus indoors? Angling ponds, climbing walls and changing expectations of environmental leisure , 2010 .

[30]  V. Robinson Everyday Masculinities and Extreme Sport: Male Identity and Rock Climbing , 2008 .

[31]  A case study on environmental perspectives of boulderers and access issues at the Niagara Glen Nature Reserve , 2008 .

[32]  J. Dutkiewicz Pretzel Logic , 2015 .

[33]  Brent A. Beggs,et al.  An Exploratory Analysis of the Leisure Experience of Individuals in a Simulated Golf Environment , 2001 .

[34]  Troy D. Glover,et al.  Attracting locals downtown: everyday leisure as a place-making initiative. , 2014 .

[35]  R. Stedman,et al.  SENSE OF PLACE AS AN ATTITUDE: LAKESHORE OWNERS ATTITUDES TOWARD THEIR PROPERTIES , 2001 .

[36]  John F. Schostak,et al.  Interviewing and focus groups , 2011 .

[37]  M. Angen Evaluating Interpretive Inquiry: Reviewing the Validity Debate and Opening the Dialogue , 2000, Qualitative health research.

[38]  Colin Sharp Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.) , 2003 .

[39]  Malcolm Williams Interpretivism and Generalisation , 2000 .

[40]  B. Smale Critical perspectives on place in leisure research , 2006 .

[41]  Gavin Blackwell,et al.  Self-reported ability assessment in rock climbing , 2011, Journal of sports sciences.

[42]  Dorothy H. Anderson,et al.  Getting From Sense of Place to Place-Based Management: An Interpretive Investigation of Place Meanings and Perceptions of Landscape Change , 2005 .

[43]  J. Ellis Researching Children's Experience Hermeneutically and Holistically , 2006 .

[44]  Y. Tuan,et al.  Place: An Experiential Perspective , 1975 .

[45]  N. Lewis,et al.  The Climbing Body, Nature and the Experience of Modernity , 2000 .

[46]  I. Altman,et al.  Place attachment: A conceptual inquiry. , 1992 .

[47]  L. Kruger Recreation as a path for place making and community building , 2006 .

[48]  N. Lewis Sustainable adventure : Embodied experiences and ecological practices within British climbing , 2004 .

[49]  P. Vertinsky,et al.  Sites of Sport: Space, Place, Experience , 2004 .

[51]  Justin Spinney,et al.  A Place of Sense: A Kinaesthetic Ethnography of Cyclists on Mont Ventoux , 2006 .

[52]  Garry Chick,et al.  The Social Construction of a Sense of Place , 2007 .

[53]  Eric Frauman,et al.  A Preliminary Investigation of Environmental and Social Practices Among Boulderers , 2011 .

[54]  Maarten van Bottenburg,et al.  ‘We are as green as possible’: environmental responsibility in commercial artificial settings for lifestyle sports , 2013 .

[55]  D. Montgomery,et al.  Perceptions Of Outdoor Recreation Professionals Toward Place Meanings In Natural Environments: A Q-Method Inquiry , 2010 .

[56]  I. Heywood Climbing Monsters: Excess and Restraint in Contemporary Rock Climbing , 2006 .

[57]  J. Tribe Knowing about tourism : Epistemological issues , 2004 .

[58]  M. Patton Qualitative research & evaluation methods , 2002 .

[59]  K. Alexandris,et al.  Increasing customers' loyalty in a skiing resort: The contribution of place attachment and service quality , 2006 .

[60]  Stephen G. Sutton,et al.  Place Meanings Ascribed to Marine Settings: The Case of the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park , 2010 .

[61]  Dick Price Climbing the walls , 1995, IEEE Expert.

[62]  V. Tung,et al.  Exploring the essence of memorable tourism experiences. , 2011 .

[63]  David Crouch,et al.  Places around us: embodied lay geographies in leisure and tourism , 2000 .

[64]  Charles C. Harris,et al.  An exploration of place as a process: The case of Jackson Hole, WY , 2005 .

[65]  N. Holt,et al.  An interpretive analysis of life skills associated with sport participation , 2009 .

[66]  J. Bale The place of 'place' in cultural studies of sports , 1988 .

[67]  Robert David Sack,et al.  The Power of Place and Space , 1993 .