Chapter 4 – Biofouling Control

Publisher Summary Control of biofilm growth can occur due to the removal forces created by water flow across the biofilm. In addition, control can be evident through natural agencies. There are two basic methods—chemical control and physical control—and in certain situations benefits accrue from a combination of these two methods. Chemical control technology may be grouped into three broad sectors—biocides that kill microorganisms, biostats that interfere with metabolism, and surface active agents that restrict adhesion to surfaces. However, due to concern for the environment, a complication that arises is the ultimate destination of the chemical additive. An alternative to the use of chemicals for the control of biofouling relies on physical technologies. Because of the vital need to control biofouling in industrial equipment to improve operation and reduce operating cost, the problem has attracted the attention of researchers into physical techniques. An additional incentive to investigate the opportunities of physical control is the possibility of increased and stricter legislation concerning the development and use of biocides. Finally, it is desirable to monitor closely the extent of biofouling so that effective steps may be taken to prevent serious consequences occurring, such as unscheduled interruptions in production.