Optimization model for charging infrastructure planning with electric power system reliability check

Abstract This paper presents a significantly improved optimization model for the planning of the charging infrastructure for electric-drive vehicles, where the optimization objective function is the minimization of overall (installation, maintenance, operation) placement costs of charging stations with regards to a charging technology. The constraints involve the electric power system reliability check, ensuring charging reliability and the required quality of service of the charging infrastructure. In ensuring the charging reliability, at least one candidate location must be selected within the driving range of electric vehicles and suitable charging technologies placed to accommodate the disposable charging times of electric vehicle users for the requested quality of service. The proposed optimization model presents an upgrade of an existing optimization formulation since it includes a power system reliability check based on a DC power flow model. To show the general applicability and significance of the model, a test 10 × 10 grid road network and a standard six-bus test power system are considered. Numeric results illustrate the optimal charging stations placement layout and overall costs placement for different driving ranges and the required quality of service level by including a power system reliability check, to serve both the charging infrastructure investors and electric power system operators.