Introducing Vision-Realistic Rendering

We introduce the concept of vision-realistic rendering‐the generation of images that incorporate characteristics of a particular individual’s optical system. We then describe a pipeline for creating vision-realistic images. First, a subject’s optical system is measured by a Shack-Hartmann wavefront aberrometry device. This device outputs a measured wavefront which is sampled to calculate an object space point spread function (OSPSF). The OSPSF is then used to blur input images. This blurring is accomplished by creating a set of depth images, convolving them with the OSPSF, and finally compositing to form a vision-realistic image. We discuss applications of visionrealistic rendering in computer graphics as well as in optometry and ophthalmology and note that our method is a post-process and can handle simple camera models as a special case.

[1]  E M Fine,et al.  Effects of cataract and scotoma on visual acuity: a simulation study. , 1999, Optometry and vision science : official publication of the American Academy of Optometry.

[2]  L N Thibos,et al.  Principles of Hartmann-Shack aberrometry. , 2000, Journal of refractive surgery.

[3]  G. Meyer.  Image synthesis and color vision , 1990 .

[4]  J M Miller,et al.  Visual acuity modeling using optical raytracing of schematic eyes. , 1995, American journal of ophthalmology.

[5]  Brian A. Barsky,et al.  CWhatUC: a visual acuity simulator , 1998, Photonics West - Biomedical Optics.

[6]  L J Maguire,et al.  Topography and raytracing analysis of patients with excellent visual acuity 3 months after excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy for myopia. , 1991, Refractive & corneal surgery.

[7]  Holly E. Rushmeier,et al.  Tone reproduction for realistic images , 1993, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[8]  Przemyslaw Rokita,et al.  Generating depth of-field effects in virtual reality applications , 1996, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[9]  Michael Potmesil,et al.  Synthetic Image Generation with a Lens and Aperture Camera Model , 1982, TOGS.

[10]  Jeffrey Lubin,et al.  A VISUAL DISCRIMINATION MODEL FOR IMAGING SYSTEM DESIGN AND EVALUATION , 1995 .

[11]  Gary W. Meyer,et al.  A perceptually based adaptive sampling algorithm , 1998, SIGGRAPH.

[12]  Donald P. Greenberg,et al.  A multiscale model of adaptation and spatial vision for realistic image display , 1998, SIGGRAPH.

[13]  D. Spencer,et al.  On the Stiles-Crawford effect , 1944 .

[14]  Robert L. Cook,et al.  Distributed ray tracing , 1998 .

[15]  Samuel P. Uselton,et al.  Statistically optimized sampling for distributed ray tracing , 1985, SIGGRAPH.

[16]  Pat Hanrahan,et al.  A realistic camera model for computer graphics , 1995, SIGGRAPH.

[17]  Donald P. Greenberg,et al.  A model of visual adaptation for realistic image synthesis , 1996, SIGGRAPH.

[18]  Jon J. Camp,et al.  An efficient ray tracing algorithm for modeling visual performance from corneal topography , 1990, [1990] Proceedings of the First Conference on Visualization in Biomedical Computing.

[19]  Mark A. Z. Dippé,et al.  Antialiasing through stochastic sampling , 1985, SIGGRAPH.

[20]  S A Klein,et al.  Optimal corneal ablation for eyes with arbitrary Hartmann-Shack aberrations. , 1998, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[21]  Donald P. Greenberg,et al.  Color-defective vision and computer graphics displays , 1988, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications.

[22]  Leonard McMillan,et al.  Dynamically reparameterized light fields , 2000, SIGGRAPH.

[23]  Donald P. Greenberg,et al.  Physically-based glare effects for digital images , 1995, SIGGRAPH.

[24]  Steven Dale Upstill.  The realistic presentation of synthetic images: image processing in computer graphics , 1985 .

[25]  E Peli,et al.  Test of a model of foveal vision by using simulations. , 1996, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, image science, and vision.

[26]  Kenneth Chiu,et al.  Spatially Nonuniform Scaling Functions for High Contrast Images , 1993 .

[27]  Donald P. Greenberg,et al.  Toward a psychophysically-based light reflection model for image synthesis , 2000, SIGGRAPH.

[28]  Gary S Rubin,et al.  The effects of simulated cataract on reading with normal vision and simulated central scotoma , 1999, Vision Research.

[29]  Przemyslaw Rokita,et al.  Fast generation of depth of field effects in computer graphics , 1993, Comput. Graph..

[30]  Alexander C. Berg,et al.  Incorporating camera models, ocular models, and actual patient eye data for photo-realistic and vision-realistic rendering , 2000 .

[31]  Christine D. Piatko,et al.  A visibility matching tone reproduction operator for high dynamic range scenes , 1997 .

[32]  Christine D. Piatko,et al.  A Visibility Matching Tone Reproduction Operator for High Dynamic Range Scenes , 1997, IEEE Trans. Vis. Comput. Graph..

[33]  Richard A. Robb,et al.  Informing interested parties of changes in the optical performance of the cornea caused by keratorefractive surgery: a ray-tracing model that tailors presentation of results to fit the level of soph , 1992, Other Conferences.