2×192 Pixel CMOS SPAD-Based Flash LiDAR Sensor with Adjustable Background Rejection

In this paper we present a $2\times 192$ pixel SPAD-based sensor for LiDAR applications fabricated in a $0.35\ \boldsymbol{\mu}\mathbf{m}$ standard CMOS process. Distance measurement is performed using the direct time-of-flight technique. For time acquisition a DLL-based pixel-parallel TDC with 312.5 ps resolution and a $1.28\ \boldsymbol{\mu}\mathbf{m}$ range is integrated. Employing four single SPADs in each pixel enables background light suppression by detecting temporal correlated photons. Moreover, by using adjustable correlation parameters the dynamic range is increased significantly allowing a constant range at varying target reflectivity.

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