Energy-Efficient SPEED Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we propose an approach for routing in SPEED protocol considering residual energy in routing decisions. Due to the limited energy of a sensor node, energy-efficient routing is a very important issue in sensor networks. This approach finds energy-efficient paths for delay-constrained data in real-time traffic. The SPEED protocol does not consider any energy metric in its routing. In our approach, routing is based on a weight function, which is a combination of the three factors: Delay, Energy & Speed. Here, the node with the greatest value in the weight function is to be selected as the next hop forwarding. We increase the network lifetime by considering energy metric in routing decisions. This method aims to construct a nearly stateless routing protocol, which can be used to route data based on the nodes’ residual energy. Simulation results demonstrate that the new scheme improves network lifetime about 15% longer than the traditional SPEED protocol.

[1]  Ian F. Akyildiz,et al.  Sensor Networks , 2002, Encyclopedia of GIS.

[2]  Nitin H. Vaidya,et al.  Location‐Aided Routing (LAR) in mobile ad hoc networks , 2000, Wirel. Networks.

[3]  Deborah Estrin,et al.  Geography-informed energy conservation for Ad Hoc routing , 2001, MobiCom '01.

[4]  Brad Karp,et al.  GPSR: greedy perimeter stateless routing for wireless networks , 2000, MobiCom '00.

[5]  Gregory J. Pottie,et al.  Protocols for self-organization of a wireless sensor network , 2000, IEEE Wirel. Commun..

[6]  Acm Sigmobile,et al.  ACM WSNA 2002 : proceedings of the first ACM International Workshop on Wireless Sensor Networks & Applications : co-located with MobiCom 2002 conference, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, September 28, 2002 , 2002 .

[7]  Weisong Shi,et al.  Modeling the Lifetime of Wireless Sensor Networks , 2005 .

[8]  Mario Gerla,et al.  QoS routing performance in multihop, multimedia, wireless networks , 1997, Proceedings of ICUPC 97 - 6th International Conference on Universal Personal Communications.

[9]  Jiming Liu,et al.  Agent-based, energy efficient routing in sensor networks , 2004, Proceedings of the Third International Joint Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems, 2004. AAMAS 2004..

[10]  Chenyang Lu,et al.  SPEED: a stateless protocol for real-time communication in sensor networks , 2003, 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems, 2003. Proceedings..

[11]  Weisong Shi,et al.  WEAR: a balanced, fault-tolerant, energy-aware routing protocol in WSNs , 2006, Int. J. Sens. Networks.

[12]  Weisong Shi,et al.  WEAR : A Balanced , Fault-Tolerant , Energy-Aware Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks , 2005 .

[13]  John Anderson,et al.  Wireless sensor networks for habitat monitoring , 2002, WSNA '02.

[14]  Chenyang Lu,et al.  RAP: a real-time communication architecture for large-scale wireless sensor networks , 2002, Proceedings. Eighth IEEE Real-Time and Embedded Technology and Applications Symposium.

[15]  Bruce H. Krogh,et al.  Energy-efficient surveillance system using wireless sensor networks , 2004, MobiSys '04.