Research on Optimal Operation of Battery Swapping and Charging Station for Electric Buses
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The optimal operation of battery swapping and charging station for electric bus involves many processes,such as bus service,battery swapping,battery charging,and so on.The daily battery swapping demand was quantitatively analyzed based on factors including the operating pattern and electricity consumption characteristics of electric buses.The optimal battery swapping order was determined for equal battery usage and charging convenience.A two-stage and a bi-objective mathematic optimization models for battery recharging with minimize charging cost as the primary objective were established,and the smoothing of the charging load curve was also considered.Other factors that have influences on optimal charging schedule such as the starting time,reserved battery number for uncertainties were analyzed.Case study results show that the proposed method can reduce daily charging cost substantially and mitigate the impacts of charging load on the grid.