Increased flexibility and dynamics in distributed applications and processes through resource decoupling

Continuously increasing complexity of products and services requires more and more specialised expertise as well as relevant support by specialised IT tools and services. However, these services require expert knowledge as well, particularly in order to apply and use these services and tools in an efficient and optimal way. To this end, this thesis introduces a new virtualisation approach, allowing for both, the transparent integration of services in abstract process description languages, as well as the role based integration of human experts in this processes. The developed concept of this thesis has been realised by: - Enhancing the concept of web services with a service virtualisation layer, allowing for the transparent usage, adaptation and orchestration of services - Enhancing the developed concept towards a “Dynamic Session Management” environment, enabling the transparent and role-based integration of human experts following the SOA paradigm - Developing a collaboration schema, allowing for setting up and steering synchronous collaboration sessions between human experts. This enhancement also considers the respective user context and provides the best suitable IT based tooling support. The developed concept has been applied to scientific and economic application fields with a respective reference realisation. Kontinuierlich komplexere Produkte und Dienstleistungen erfordern mehr und mehr spezialisiertes Wissen von Personen sowie eine entsprechende IT Unterstutzung durch Bereitstellung entsprechender, spezialisierter Dienste. Solche spezialisierten Dienste setzen allerdings ebenfalls Expertenwissen voraus, um effizient und optimiert eingesetzt und bedient zu werden. Hierzu wird in dieser Arbeit ein neuer Virtualisierungsansatz entwickelt, welcher sowohl die transparente Integration von Diensten als auch von Personen in abstrakten Prozessbeschreibungssprachen ermoglicht. Das Konzept dieser Arbeit wurde realisiert durch: - Die Erweiterung des Web Service Konzepts mit Virtualisierungsmoglichkeiten, welche es ermoglichen, transparent Dienste zu verwenden und diese zur Laufzeit transparent anzupassen und zu orchestrieren - Die Erweiterung des entwickelten Konzepts zu einem “Dynamic Session Management”, welches die transparente und rollenbasierte Integration von menschlichen Experten entsprechend des SOA Paradigmas ermoglicht - Die Entwicklung eines Kollaborationsschemas, welches es ermoglicht, synchrone Kollaborationen zwischen menschlichen Experten aufzusetzen und zu steuern. Dies geschieht unter Berucksichtigung des jeweiligen Anwenderkontexts sowie der bestmoglichen Unterstutzung durch IT basierte Dienste. Die Evaluierung des Konzepts erfolgte anhand konkreter wissenschaftlicher und wirtschaftlicher Anwendungsfalle durch eine entsprechende Referenzrealisierung.

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