ABSTRACT The Kidd Creek Copper Refinery, one of the most automated and mechanized refineries in the world, has been in operation since 1981. From an initial design capacity of 59,000 tonnes per year of copper cathode production, the refinery now has a rated capacity of 95,000 tonnes and has undergone significant evolutionary changes since 1981. The refinery is described, with special emphasis on changes and modifications that have increased productivity and improved cathode quality. Some of the major modifications are as follows: conversion from copper starter sheets to stainless steel electrodes, anode pressing and lug milling, 100% fine-filtration of the electrolyte, individual tank electrolyte flow measurement, conversion to a glue-thiourea reagent scheme, and production of contoured anodes. Presently, a cathode sampling machine is being commissioned.