A large vertical energy storage tank volume measurement system is established based on total station scanning technology, which is the photoelectric measurement technology. The horizontal cross-section area is calculated by point cloud data, and then the volume values corresponding to different liquid level heights are automatically calculated by integrating along the vertical height direction. The system is used to measure a large vertical storage tank with capacity of 100,000 m3. The results show that the system has good repeatability and reproducibility. Compared with the traditional measurement results, the relative deviation of the calculated volume is less than 0.1%. The system meets the measurement requirements of JJG168-2018.The feasibility and validity of the system applied to capacity measurement of large vertical storage tanks are discussed.