Expression of Vimentin, Desmin, CD34 and S100 in Malignant Soft Tissue Tumours in a Study Conducted in Central India

BACKGROUND Soft tissue is mesenchymal in origin and can be defined as non-epithelial extra-skeletal tissue of the body exclusive of the reticuloendothelial system, glia, and supporting tissue of various parenchymal organs. In recent times, immunohistochemistry has become an important tool to help the surgical pathologist in many clinically critical scenarios. Immunohistochemistry is an adjunctive diagnostic technique to traditional morphologic methods in soft tissue pathology, as in any other area of surgical pathology. This study included specimens received for histopathological evaluation in the Department of Pathology, Gandhi Medical College, Bhopal, over a period of one and half years. 50 morphologically proven malignant cases were taken for immunohistochemistry. was showing immunopositivity in 43 out of 50 cases of MSTT (Malignant Soft Tissue Tumours). 7 cases were reported negative for vimentin including 4 cases of EWS, 2 cases of SS and 1 case each of MFH (Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma) and liposarcoma. All 5 cases of rhabdomyosarcomas and 2 cases of leiomyosarcomas were showing positivity for Desmin. All other tumours were negative for Desmin. All cases of fibroblastic tumours and GIST (Gastro Intestinal Stromal Tumour) were showing positive results for CD 34 along with 2 cases of MFH, 1 case of LMS (Leiomyosarcoma), 2 cases of MPNST (Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumours), 1 case of SRBCT (Small Round Blue Cell Tumour) and 1 case of undifferentiated tumour. All 3 cases of MPNST, both the cases of LMS and the only case of liposarcoma were showing immunopositivity for S 100. 5 out of 8 cases of MFH, 2 out of 5 cases of RMS and 1 out of 5 cases of GIST were also showing positivity for S 100. All 7 cases of fibroblastic tumours were negative for S100. Soft tissue tumours are a large, heterogeneous group of neoplasms. Malignant cases account for less than 1 % of overall human malignant tumours but they are aggressive and may result in a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Hence, the present study was undertaken to diagnose malignant soft tissue tumours by using immunohistochemistry along with histopathology. S100 in malignant soft tissue tumours in a study conducted in

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