An analytical theory of gear turning — gear skiving for internal gears and gear generating for external gears

Abstract Gear turning, i.e. gear skiving for internal gears and gear generating for external gears, is a new high productive method to produce both internal and external, spur and helical gears and cylindrical worms using a rotating tool. The gear turning cutter is a pinion-type shaper. The gear turning cutter and the gear blank are mounted on non-intersecting and non-parallel shafts. This paper, emphasizing particularly the use of the straight shaper, gives the analytical theory for ascertaining the geometrical relationship between the turning cutter and the gear. It also explains the advantage of straight shapers over helical cutters in gear turning, and proves that while the cutting edge is on the true involute helicoid, erroneous tooth shape formation cannot occur. This result differs from those of Looman [VDI-zBand 113, No.2 (1971)] and Kojima [Bull. JSME 17, 401 and 511 (1974)].