Reducing Common-Mode Voltage in Three-Phase Sine-Triangle PWM With Interleaved Carriers

Interleaving pulse width modulation (PWM) waveforms is a proven method to reduce ripple in dc-dc converters. The present study explores interleaving for three-phase motor drives. Fourier analysis shows that interleaving the carriers in conventional uniform PWM significantly reduces the common-mode voltage. New digital signal processor (DSP) hardware supports interleaving directly with changes to just two registers at setup time, so no additional computation time is needed during operation. The common-mode voltage reduction ranges from 36% at full modulation to 67% when idling with zero modulation. Third-harmonic injection slightly reduces the advantage (to 25% at full modulation). However, the maximum RMS common-mode voltage is still less than 20% of the bus voltage under all conditions. The disadvantage of the proposed approach is an increase in current ripple at the switching frequency. Simulations verify the findings. Experiments on a motor drive that uses a commercially available motor-control DSP, connected to a 5 hp motor, agree well with calculations and simulations.

[1]  D.M. Divan,et al.  A three-phase soft-switched high power density DC/DC converter for high power applications , 1988, Conference Record of the 1988 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting.

[2]  Li Yongdong,et al.  Objective Optimization for Multilevel Neutral-Point-Clamped Converters with Zero-Sequence Signal Control , 2010 .

[3]  Andrzej M. Trzynadlowski,et al.  Current control for induction motor drives using random PWM , 1998, IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron..

[4]  Jian Sun,et al.  Harmonic cancellation under interleaved PWM with harmonic injection , 2008, 2008 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference.

[5]  Richard A. Lukaszewski,et al.  Common-mode voltage reduction PWM algorithm for AC drives , 2009, 2009 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition.

[6]  Philippe Baudesson,et al.  A New Carrier-Based PWM Providing Common-Mode-Current Reduction and DC-Bus Balancing for Three-Level Inverters , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[7]  A. F. Wick,et al.  Design and Experimental Results of a Brushless AC Servo Drive , 1984, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[8]  D.G. Holmes,et al.  A general analytical method for determining the theoretical harmonic components of carrier based PWM strategies , 1998, Conference Record of 1998 IEEE Industry Applications Conference. Thirty-Third IAS Annual Meeting (Cat. No.98CH36242).

[9]  M. Sumner,et al.  Evaluation of Three-Phase Transformerless Photovoltaic Inverter Topologies , 2007, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[10]  P.L. Chapman,et al.  Time domain comparison of pulse-width modulation schemes , 2003, IEEE Power Electronics Letters.

[11]  A.M. Hava,et al.  Performance Analysis of Reduced Common-Mode Voltage PWM Methods and Comparison With Standard PWM Methods for Three-Phase Voltage-Source Inverters , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[12]  Francisco A. S. Neves,et al.  Modulation Techniques to Eliminate Leakage Currents in Transformerless Three-Phase Photovoltaic Systems , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics.

[13]  R.M. Nelms,et al.  Harmonic Analysis of a Space Vector PWM Inverter Using the Method of Multiple Pulses , 2006, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics.

[14]  Hirofumi Akagi,et al.  Design and performance of a passive EMI filter for use with a voltage-source PWM inverter having sinusoidal output voltage and zero common-mode voltage , 2002, 2002 IEEE 33rd Annual IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference. Proceedings (Cat. No.02CH37289).

[15]  Surapong Suwankawin,et al.  Design and Implementation of a Hybrid Output EMI Filter for High-Frequency Common-Mode Voltage Compensation in PWM Inverters , 2009 .

[16]  H. Akagi,et al.  A Specific Filter for Eliminating High-Frequency Leakage Current From the Grounded Heat Sink in a Motor Drive With an Active Front End , 2008, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[17]  A M Hava,et al.  A Generalized Scalar PWM Approach With Easy Implementation Features for Three-Phase, Three-Wire Voltage-Source Inverters , 2011, IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics.

[18]  Ying-Yu Tzou,et al.  Digital Control of a Multi-Phase Interleaved PWM Inverter with Minimal Total Harmonic Distortion , 2007, 2007 IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference.

[19]  J. Sun,et al.  Double-Integral Fourier Analysis of Interleaved Pulse Width Modulation , 2006, 2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics.

[20]  Heng Deng,et al.  A General Solution for Theoretical Harmonic Components of Carrier Based PWM Schemes , 2009, 2009 Twenty-Fourth Annual IEEE Applied Power Electronics Conference and Exposition.

[21]  J. A. Taufiq,et al.  Analytical solution to harmonic characteristics of traction PWM converters , 1997 .

[22]  H. Akagi,et al.  An approach to eliminating high-frequency shaft voltage and ground leakage current from an inverter-driven motor , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[23]  Colin Lyden,et al.  A novel Fourier series time function for modeling and simulation of PWM , 2005, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers.

[24]  C. Casablanca,et al.  Interleaving and Harmonic Cancellation Effects in Modular Three-Phase Voltage-Sourced Converters , 2006, 2006 IEEE Workshops on Computers in Power Electronics.

[25]  A.M. Hava,et al.  A Near-State PWM Method With Reduced Switching Losses and Reduced Common-Mode Voltage for Three-Phase Voltage Source Inverters , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[26]  John A. Houldsworth,et al.  The Use of Harmonic Distortion to Increase the Output Voltage of a Three-Phase PWM Inverter , 1984, IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications.

[27]  Yen-Shin Lai,et al.  Design and implementation of vector-controlled induction motor drives using random switching technique with constant sampling frequency , 2001 .