Maximum Likelihood Approach for RFID Tag Cardinality Estimation under Capture Effect and Detection Errors

Cardinality estimation schemes of Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) tags using Framed Slotted ALOHA (FSA) based protocol are studied in this paper. Not as same as previous estimation schemes, we consider tag cardinality estimation problem under not only detection errors but also capture effect, where a tag’s IDentity (ID) might not be detected even in a singleton slot, while it might be identified even in a collision slot due to the fading of wireless channels. Maximum Likelihood (ML) approach is utilized for the estimation of the detection error probability, the capture effect probability, and the tag cardinality. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated under different system parameters via computer simulations to show the method’s effectiveness comparing to other conventional approaches. key words: RFID, Maximum Likelihood (ML), tag cardinality estimation, capture effect, detection errors

[1]  Lawrence G. Roberts,et al.  ALOHA packet system with and without slots and capture , 1975, CCRV.

[2]  F. Schoute,et al.  Dynamic Frame Length ALOHA , 1983, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[3]  Anthony Ephremides,et al.  An exact analysis and performance evaluation of framed ALOHA with capture , 1989, IEEE Trans. Commun..

[4]  J. Woods,et al.  Probability and Random Processes with Applications to Signal Processing , 2001 .

[5]  Harald Vogt,et al.  Efficient Object Identification with Passive RFID Tags , 2002, Pervasive.

[6]  Roberto Di Pietro,et al.  SECURITY AND PRIVACY ISSUES , 2003 .

[7]  David A. Wagner,et al.  Privacy and security in library RFID: issues, practices, and architectures , 2004, CCS '04.

[8]  David A. Wagner,et al.  Security and Privacy Issues in E-passports , 2005, First International Conference on Security and Privacy for Emerging Areas in Communications Networks (SECURECOMM'05).

[9]  Murali S. Kodialam,et al.  Fast and reliable estimation schemes in RFID systems , 2006, MobiCom '06.

[10]  R. Angeles.  RFID Technologies: Supply-Chain Applications and Implementations Issues , 2007 .

[11]  Chang Hoon Lie,et al.  A Scheme to Increase Throughput in Framed-ALOHA-Based RFID Systems with Capture , 2008 .

[12]  Jeong Geun Kim,et al.  A capture-aware access control method for enhanced RFID anti-collision performance , 2009, IEEE Communications Letters.

[13]  Ravikanth Pappu,et al.  An Optimal Q-Algorithm for the ISO 18000-6C RFID Protocol , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering.

[14]  David Girbau,et al.  EFFECTS OF INTERFERENCES IN UHF RFID SYSTEMS , 2009 .

[15]  Wen-Tzu Chen,et al.  An Accurate Tag Estimate Method for Improving the Performance of an RFID Anticollision Algorithm Based on Dynamic Frame Length ALOHA , 2009, IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering.

[16]  Salina Abdul Samad,et al.  Performance of RFID with AWGN and Rayleigh fading channels for SDR application , 2010, WCE 2010.

[17]  A. Hussain,et al.  Software defined radio for RFID signal in Rayleigh fading channel , 2010, TENCON 2010 - 2010 IEEE Region 10 Conference.

[18]  Lei Zhu,et al.  The Optimal Reading Strategy for EPC Gen-2 RFID Anti-Collision Systems , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Communications.

[19]  Zhi Zhang,et al.  COSMO: CO-Simulation with MATLAB and OMNeT++ for Indoor Wireless Networks , 2010, 2010 IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference GLOBECOM 2010.

[20]  Javier Vales-Alonso,et al.  Analysis of the identification process in active RFID systems with Capture Effect , 2010 .

[21]  Yuan-Cheng Lai,et al.  General binary tree protocol for coping with the capture effect in RFID tag identification , 2010, IEEE Communications Letters.

[22]  He Yigang,et al.  Experimental and statistical analysis of blind spots for UHF RFID portal applications , 2011, 2011 4th International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies (DRPT).

[23]  Ivan Stojmenovic,et al.  RFID Systems: Research Trends and Challenges , 2011 .

[24]  Z. Jane Wang,et al.  Closed-Form BER Analysis of Non-Coherent FSK in MISO Double Rayleigh Fading/RFID Channel , 2011, IEEE Communications Letters.

[25]  Bo Li,et al.  Efficient Anti-Collision Algorithm Utilizing the Capture Effect for ISO 18000-6C RFID Protocol , 2011, IEEE Communications Letters.

[26]  Yunhao Liu,et al.  Cardinality Estimation for Large-Scale RFID Systems , 2011, IEEE Trans. Parallel Distributed Syst..

[27]  Hideaki Sakai,et al.  Maximum Likelihood Approach for RFID Tag Set Cardinality Estimation with Detection Errors , 2013, Wirel. Pers. Commun..