Modeling of water supply systems: Circuit theoretic approach

Water leakage is an important component of water losses. Many methods have emerged from urban water supply systems for leakage control, but it still remains a challenge in many countries. To have better understanding of leakage in water supply system (WSS), to control leakage effectively and for optimal design of WSS, suitable modeling is an important prerequisite. In this paper first, the mathematical expression for pressure drop over each component of the water supply system such as pipes, pumps, valves and water towers is presented. Then the network model is derived based on the circuit theory for pressure management in the system. A suitable projection is used to reduce the state vector and to express the model in standard state-space form.