Convoy Tree Based Fuzzy Target Tracking in Wireless Sensor Network

One important application area of wireless sensor network (WSN) is tracking mobile target. When a target enters in a monitoring region and moves around it, the deployed WSN is used to collect information about the target and send it to the nearby base station. In this paper, we propose a fuzzy based target tracking algorithm (CTFTT). The algorithm constructs a convoy tree around the target and dynamically moves the tree along with the target by adding new nodes into the tree and removing old nodes from the tree. The expansion, contraction and reconfiguration of the tree is done using a fuzzy based sensing model. Important advantages are (1) convoy tree provides 100% coverage, (2) fuzzy mechanism helps to localize the evevts such as tree expansion, contraction and reconfiguration. This in turn helps to reduce the energy consumption in the network. Localized events also reduce communication overhead. Thus CTFTT is able to support the tracking of even fast moving objects. Extensive simulation shows that our algorithm performs better than the existing tree based algorithms in terms of coverage and energy.