Spectrally-resolved fluorescence cross sections of aerosolized biological live agents and simulants using five excitation wavelengths in a BSL-3 laboratory.

A system for measuring spectrally-resolved fluorescence cross sections of single bioaerosol particles has been developed and employed in a biological safety level 3 (BSL-3) facility at Edgewood Chemical and Biological Center (ECBC). It is used to aerosolize the slurry or solution of live agents and surrogates into dried micron-size particles, and to measure the fluorescence spectra and sizes of the particles one at a time. Spectrally-resolved fluorescence cross sections were measured for (1) bacterial spores: Bacillus anthracis Ames (BaA), B. atrophaeus var. globigii (BG) (formerly known as Bacillus globigii), B. thuringiensis israelensis (Bti), B. thuringiensis kurstaki (Btk), B. anthracis Sterne (BaS); (2) vegetative bacteria: Escherichia coli (E. coli), Pantoea agglomerans (Eh) (formerly known as Erwinia herbicola), Yersinia rohdei (Yr), Yersinia pestis CO92 (Yp); and (3) virus preparations: Venezuelan equine encephalitis TC83 (VEE) and the bacteriophage MS2. The excitation wavelengths were 266 nm, 273 nm, 280 nm, 365 nm and 405 nm.

[1]  Luigi Bonacina,et al.  A flash-lamp based device for fluorescence detection and identification of individual pollen grains. , 2013, The Review of scientific instruments.

[2]  Michael Goldblatt,et al.  Aerobiology and Its Role in the Transmission of Infectious Diseases , 2013, Journal of pathogens.

[3]  S. C. Hill,et al.  Changes in fluorescence spectra of bioaerosols exposed to ozone in a laboratory reaction chamber to simulate atmospheric aging. , 2012, Optics express.

[4]  U. Pöschl,et al.  Autofluorescence of atmospheric bioaerosols – fluorescent biomolecules and potential interferences , 2011 .

[5]  Vasanthi Sivaprakasam,et al.  Spectral characterization of biological aerosol particles using two-wavelength excited laser-induced fluorescence and elastic scattering measurements. , 2011, Optics express.

[6]  Gilles Roy,et al.  Effect of growth media and washing on the spectral signatures of aerosolized biological simulants. , 2011, Applied optics.

[7]  Herschel Rabitz,et al.  Discriminating biomolecules with coherent control strategies. , 2011, Chimia.

[8]  Yong-Le Pan,et al.  Fluorescence spectra of atmospheric aerosol particles measured using one or two excitation wavelengths: comparison of classification schemes employing different emission and scattering results. , 2010, Optics express.

[9]  Jean-Pierre Bouchard,et al.  Spectroscopic Calibration Correlation of Field and Lab-Sized Fluorescence LIDAR Systems , 2010, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[10]  U. Pöschl,et al.  Fluorescent biological aerosol particle concentrations and size distributions measured with an Ultraviolet Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (UV-APS) in Central Europe , 2009 .

[11]  Albert Manninen,et al.  Fluorescence cross sections of bioaerosols and suspended biological agents. , 2009, Applied optics.

[12]  Rohit Bhartia,et al.  Classification of Organic and Biological Materials with Deep Ultraviolet Excitation , 2008, Applied spectroscopy.

[13]  Yong-Le Pan,et al.  Single‐particle laser‐induced‐fluorescence spectra of biological and other organic‐carbon aerosols in the atmosphere: Measurements at New Haven, Connecticut, and Las Cruces, New Mexico , 2007 .

[14]  Michael E. Thomas,et al.  Spectrally resolved fluorescence cross sections of BG and BT with a 266-nm pump wavelength , 2007, SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing.

[15]  J. Sagripanti,et al.  Difference between the spore sizes of Bacillus anthracis and other Bacillus species , 2007, Journal of applied microbiology.

[16]  S. C. Hill,et al.  BIO-AEROSOL FLUORESCENCE , 2007 .

[17]  L. Reinisch,et al.  Fluorescence quantum efficiency of dry Bacillus globigii spores. , 2005, Optics express.

[18]  E Hirst,et al.  Single particle multichannel bio-aerosol fluorescence sensor. , 2005, Optics express.

[19]  John E. McFee,et al.  Standoff sensing of bioaerosols using intensified range-gated spectral analysis of laser-induced fluorescence , 2004, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing.

[20]  Jin Yu,et al.  Remote detection and identification of biological aerosols using a femtosecond terawatt lidar system , 2004 .

[21]  Vasanthi Sivaprakasam,et al.  Multiple UV wavelength excitation and fluorescence of bioaerosols , 2004, SPIE Optics East.

[22]  Determination of Fluorescence Cross‐Sections of Biological Aerosols , 2002 .

[23]  Yong-Le Pan,et al.  Backward-enhanced fluorescence from clusters of microspheres and particles of tryptophan. , 2002, Applied optics.

[24]  Chang,et al.  Enhanced backward-directed multiphoton-excited fluorescence from dielectric microcavities , 2000, Physical review letters.

[25]  Randal L. Schmitt,et al.  Development of an unattended ground sensor for ultraviolet laser-induced fluorescence detection of biological agent aerosols , 1999, Optics East.

[26]  Mark Seaver,et al.  Size and Fluorescence Measurements for Field Detection of Biological Aerosols , 1999 .

[27]  S. C. Hill,et al.  Single-shot fluorescence spectra of individual micrometer-sized bioaerosols illuminated by a 351- or a 266-nm ultraviolet laser. , 1999, Optics letters.

[28]  Yong-Le Pan,et al.  Real-time measurement of fluorescence spectra from single airborne biological particles , 1999 .

[29]  N. R. Newbury,et al.  Bio-aerosol fluorescence sensor , 1999 .

[30]  J.R. Stephens.  Measurements of the Ultraviolet Fluorescence Cross Sections and Spectra of Bacillus Anthracis Simulants , 1998 .

[31]  J. Ho,et al.  Design of an instrument for real-time detection of bioaerosols using simultaneous measurement of particle aerodynamic size and intrinsic fluorescence. , 1997, Journal of aerosol science.

[32]  K. Mortelmans,et al.  Spectrally resolved absolute fluorescence cross sections for bacillus spores. , 1997, Applied optics.

[33]  E. T. Arakawa,et al.  Optical properties of polystyrene from the near-infrared to the x-ray region and convergence of optical sum rules , 1977 .

[34]  J. Goepfert,et al.  A sporulation medium for Bacillus anthracis. , 1974, The Journal of applied bacteriology.

[35]  R. H. Boundy,et al.  Styrene, its polymers, copolymers, and derivatives , 1952 .