How are N and S in deposition, in percolation water and in upper soil layers reflected in the chemical composition of needles in Finland?

The scientific seminar, held during 27. – 28.11.2007 in Vantaa, Finland, was attended by 45 researchers �rom Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Norway, Russia and the UK who are participating in the EU/ Forest Focus and UN-ECE/ICP Forests extensive and intensive �orest monitoring programmes. The purpose o� the meeting was to provide a �orum where the researchers could present the results o� the monitoring work and scientific studies carried out over the last two decades in northern Europe within the �ramework o� the programmes. The presentations covered a wide range o� topics including the optimization o� techniques �or monitoring carbon stocks and biodiversity in large-scale surveys, long-term changes in �orest health, �oliar, deposition and soil solution chemistry, carbon, nitrogen and nutrient fluxes in boreal �orests, and nutrient and acidification processes in �orest soils.

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