Modeling and Control of the Isolated DC–DC Modular Multilevel Converter for Electric Ship Medium Voltage Direct Current Power System

The dc–dc modular multilevel converter (dc–dc MMC) with a medium-frequency ac-link transformer is a promising candidate for the modern electric ship medium voltage dc power system to provide galvanic isolation, flexible voltage regulation, and fault ride through ability. However, the steady states and dynamics of such an isolated dc–dc MMC are rather complicated because it contains many state variables. Moreover, the on-ship requirements further complicate the system design. This paper thus proposes the modeling and control of such a dc–dc MMC. Based on the fact that such a dc–dc MMC is controlled by the phase-shifted operation, the fundamental period averaging (FPA) method is applied to obtain the steady-state and small-signal models, and based on the on-ship requirements, the modulation index control as well as the simple but efficient competitive dual closed loops (a voltage loop for normal condition and a current loop for overload condition) are designed. It is proved that the FPA method can preserve the necessary model information about the dc–dc MMC, and the proposed controllers can be well designed based on the steady-state and small-signal FPA models by compromising the on-ship requirements. The analysis and design results are verified by the simulations and experiments.