Low Levels of Genetic Diversity within Populations and High Differentiation among Populations of a Wild Rice, Oryza granulata Nees et Arn. ex Watt., from China

To characterize genetic diversity within and among populations of Oryza granulata Nees et Arn. ex Watt., allozyme variation was assayed for 17 loci in 15 natural populations from Hainan and Yunnan provinces, China, using starch gel electrophoresis. A low level of genetic variability within populations (the mean \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage[OT2,OT1]{fontenc} \newcommand\cyr{ \renewcommand\rmdefault{wncyr} \renewcommand\sfdefault{wncyss} \renewcommand\encodingdefault{OT2} \normalfont \selectfont} \DeclareTextFontCommand{\textcyr}{\cyr} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} \landscape $$A=1.09$$ \end{document} , \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage[OT2,OT1]{fontenc} \newcommand\cyr{ \renewcommand\rmdefault{wncyr} \renewcommand\sfdefault{wncyss} \renewcommand\encodingdefault{OT2} \normalfont \selectfont} \DeclareTextFontCommand{\textcyr}{\cyr} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} \landscape $$p=6.33\% $$ \end{document} , \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage[OT2,OT1]{fontenc} \newcommand\cyr{ \renewcommand\rmdefault{wncyr} \renewcommand\sfdefault{wncyss} \renewcommand\encodingdefault{OT2} \normalfont \selectfont} \DeclareTextFontCommand{\textcyr}{\cyr} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} \landscape $$H_{\mathrm{e}\,}=0.016$$ \end{document} , and \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage[OT2,OT1]{fontenc} \newcommand\cyr{ \renewcommand\rmdefault{wncyr} \renewcommand\sfdefault{wncyss} \renewcommand\encodingdefault{OT2} \normalfont \selectfont} \DeclareTextFontCommand{\textcyr}{\cyr} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} \landscape $$H_{\mathrm{o}\,}=0.009$$ \end{document} ), but high genetic differentiation ( \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage[OT2,OT1]{fontenc} \newcommand\cyr{ \renewcommand\rmdefault{wncyr} \renewcommand\sfdefault{wncyss} \renewcommand\encodingdefault{OT2} \normalfont \selectfont} \DeclareTextFontCommand{\textcyr}{\cyr} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} \landscape $$F_{\mathrm{ST}\,}$$ \end{document} ) among populations was observed. The low amount of genetic variability of the species may be strongly affected by founder effect because of the marginal nature of the populations in China. The results also indicate that the restricted gene flow occuring between the two regions as well as the characteristics of O. granulata as a colonizing plant species are probably of significance in shaping the observed population genetic structure. Finally, an appropriate strategy for sampling more populations, but fewer individuals within populations, was proposed for the conservation of O. granulata in China.

[1]  L-z. Gao,et al.  Allozyme variation and population genetic structure of common wild rice Oryza rufipogon Griff. in China , 2000, Theoretical and Applied Genetics.

[2]  S. Ge,et al.  Allozyme Variation in Ophiopogon xylorrhizus, an Extreme Endemic Species of Yunnan, China , 1997 .

[3]  W. Powell,et al.  Chloroplast DNA variability in wild and cultivated rice (Oryza spp.) revealed by polymorphic chloroplast simple sequence repeats. , 1997, Genome.

[4]  Ge Song,et al.  A survey of the current status of wild rice in China , 1996, Biodiversity Science.

[5]  D. Vaughan.  The wild relatives of rice: a genetic resources handbook. , 1994 .

[6]  D. Soltis,et al.  Allozyme Variability Is Absent in the Narrow Endemic Bensoniella oregona (Saxifragaceae) , 1992 .

[7]  D. Soltis,et al.  Aliso: a Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Genetic Variation in Endemic and Widespread Plant Species Parallelism, Its Evolutionary Origin and Systematic Significance , 2022 .

[8]  P. Barbier,et al.  Mating System and Genetic Structure of Natural Populations in Wild Rice Oryza rufipogon , 1990 .

[9]  B. Weir,et al.  Allozyme diversity in plant species. , 1990 .

[10]  D. Vaughan.  Genus Oryza L. current status of taxonomy , 1989 .

[11]  P. Barbier.  Genetic variation and ecotypic differentiation in the wild rice species Oryza rufipogon. I. Population differentiation in life-history traits and isozymic loci , 1989 .

[12]  P. Barbier.  Genetic variation and ecotypic differentiation in the wild rice species Oryza rufipogon. , 1989 .

[13]  S. Barrett,et al.  Isozyme variation in colonizing plants. , 1989 .

[14]  J. Hamrick.  Isozymes and the Analysis of Genetic Structure in Plant Populations , 1989 .

[15]  J. Glaszmann,et al.  Electrophoretic variation of isozymes in plumules of rice (Oryza saliva L.) - a key to the identification of 76 alleles at 24 loci , 1988 .

[16]  R. Groves,et al.  Ecology of biological invasions. , 1986 .

[17]  Gérard Second,et al.  Evolutionary relationships in the Sativa group of Oryza based on isozyme data , 1985, Génétique, sélection, évolution.

[18]  S. Jain,et al.  Chapter 16 – Plant Population Genetics and Evolution in Disturbed Environments , 1985 .

[19]  D. Soltis,et al.  Starch Gel Electrophoresis of Ferns: A Compilation of Grinding Buffers, Gel and Electrode Buffers, and Staining Schedules , 1983 .

[20]  L. Gottlieb.  Conservation and Duplication of Isozymes in Plants , 1982, Science.

[21]  G. Sécond.  Origin of the genic diversity of cultivated rice (Oryza spp.): study of the polymorphism scored at 40 isozyme loci , 1982 .

[22]  M. Nei,et al.  Estimation of average heterozygosity and genetic distance from a small number of individuals. , 1978, Genetics.

[23]  J. D. Niswander,et al.  Population studies on southwestern Indian tribes. II. Local genetic differentiation in the Papago. , 1970, American journal of human genetics.

[24]  館岡 亜緒.  イネ属の分類学的研究 III. 検索と種の表示 , 1963 .

[25]  H. Oka,et al.  DIRECTIONS OF DIFFERENTIATION IN POPULATIONS OF WILD RICE, ORYZA PERENNIS AND O. SATIVA F. SPONTANEA , 1961 .