A longitudinal study of e-commerce diversity in Europe

Owing to increased access to the Internet and the development of electronic commerce, e-commerce has become a common method of shopping in all countries. The purpose of this study is more precisely to research e-commerce diversity in Europe at the regional level and develop the conception of “E-commerce Supply Chain Management”. Statistical data derived from the European Statistical Office were applied to analyse the spatial diversity of e-retailing. Assessments of the regional diversity of e-retailing applied geographic information systems and exploratory spatial data analysis methods such us global and local spatial autocorrelation statistics. Clusters of regions with similar household preferences related to online shopping were identified. A spatial visualisation of the e-retailing diversity phenomenon may be utilised for the reconfiguration of supply chains and to adapt them to actual household preferences related to shopping methods.

[1]  Rafael Lopez,et al.  E-Commerce and Digital Divide in Spain Using Individual Panel Data 2008-2016 , 2019, SSRN Electronic Journal.

[2]  Margarita Billón,et al.  ICT use by households and firms in the EU: links and determinants from a multivariate perspective , 2016 .

[3]  A. Capatina,et al.  Online customer experience in e-retailing: implications for web entrepreneurship , 2019, International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal.

[4]  Fernando Lera-López,et al.  The Spatial Distribution of the Internet in the European Union: Does Geographical Proximity Matter? , 2008 .

[5]  Helen Couclelis,et al.  Pizza over the Internet: e-commerce, the fragmentation of activity and the tyranny of the region , 2004 .

[6]  Nir Kshetri,et al.  Cross-national heterogeneity in e-retail spending: a longitudinal analysis of economic, technological and political forces , 2014, Electron. Commer. Res..

[7]  K. O’Rourke.  Economic History and Contemporary Challenges to Globalization , 2018, The Journal of Economic History.

[8]  H. R. Lourenço,et al.  e‐SCM: internet's impact on supply chain processes , 2008 .

[9]  Anna Jonsson,et al.  The Influence of a Retail Firm’s Geographic Scope of Operations on Its International Online Sales , 2016, Int. J. Electron. Commer..

[10]  Kholekile L. Gwebu,et al.  A Critical Analysis of Current Indexes for Digital Divide Measurement , 2011, Inf. Soc..

[11]  Gindo Tampubolon,et al.  Spatial inequality and the Internet divide in Indonesia 2010-2012 , 2016 .

[12]  Emma Juaneda-Ayensa,et al.  Omnichannel Customer Behavior: Key Drivers of Technology Acceptance and Use and Their Effects on Purchase Intention , 2016, Front. Psychol..

[13]  Hassan Aljifri,et al.  Global e-commerce: a framework for understanding and overcoming the trust barrier , 2003, Inf. Manag. Comput. Secur..

[14]  Vladimir Zwass,et al.  Electronic Commerce and Organizational Innovation: Aspects and Opportunities , 2003, Int. J. Electron. Commer..

[15]  P. Moran.  The Interpretation of Statistical Maps , 1948 .

[16]  Christiaan Heij,et al.  Cross-Border Electronic Commerce: Distance Effects and Express Delivery in European Union Markets , 2017, Int. J. Electron. Commer..

[17]  Fred D. Davis.  Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology , 1989, MIS Q..

[18]  D. Griffith.  Spatial Autocorrelation and Spatial Filtering , 2003 .

[19]  D. Jorgenson,et al.  The ICT revolution, world economic growth, and policy issues , 2016 .

[20]  Suresh P. Sethi,et al.  A generalized count model on customers' purchases in O2O market , 2017, International Journal of Production Economics.

[21]  Sebastian Lutz.  The European digital single market strategy: Local indicators of spatial association 2011–2016 , 2019, Telecommunications Policy.

[22]  Manjit S. Yadav,et al.  Understanding product migration to the electronic marketplace: A conceptual framework , 2005 .

[23]  Pei-Ju Wu,et al.  Unstructured big data analytics for retrieving e-commerce logistics knowledge , 2018, Telematics Informatics.

[24]  Terry L. Childers,et al.  HEDONIC AND UTILITARIAN MOTIVATIONS FOR ONLINE RETAIL SHOPPING BEHAVIOR , 2001 .

[25]  Alexander T. C. Onstein,et al.  Factors determining distribution structure decisions in logistics: a literature review and research agenda , 2019 .

[26]  Marc Wilikens.  Confidence and Confidentiality: Stimulating e-Commerce in Europe. , 2001 .

[27]  P. Thomas.  The Great Convergence: Information Technology and the New Globalization , 2017 .

[28]  Fernando Lera-López,et al.  Spatial Effects in Website Adoption by Firms in European Regions , 2009 .

[29]  D. Perrons.  Understanding Social and Spatial Divisions in the New Economy: New Media Clusters and the Digital Divide , 2004 .

[30]  Ye Zhang,et al.  ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL PATTERN AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF E-COMMERCE , 2017 .

[31]  L. Anselin.  Local Indicators of Spatial Association—LISA , 2010 .

[32]  George D. Deitz,et al.  Cross-cultural examination of online shopping behavior: A comparison of Norway, Germany, and the United States , 2013 .

[33]  Rolf T. Wigand,et al.  Electronic Commerce: Definition, Theory, and Context , 1997, Inf. Soc..

[34]  Angel Luis Lucendo-Monedero,et al.  Measuring the digital divide at regional level. A spatial analysis of the inequalities in digital development of households and individuals in Europe , 2019, Telematics Informatics.

[35]  Y. Aoyama,et al.  From Mail Order To E-Commerce: Competition, Regulation, and Politics of Nonstore Retailing in Germany , 2004 .

[36]  Mo Adam Mahmood,et al.  On-line Shopping Behavior: Cross-Country Empirical Research , 2004, Int. J. Electron. Commer..

[37]  zkan ikrkci,et al.  The effect of internet use on well-being , 2016 .

[38]  Shahid Latif,et al.  The dynamics of ICT, foreign direct investment, globalization and economic growth: Panel estimation robust to heterogeneity and cross-sectional dependence , 2017, Telematics Informatics.

[39]  Robert J. Kauffman,et al.  Impact of Information and Communication Technologies on Country Development: Accounting for Area Interrelationships , 2008, Int. J. Electron. Commer..

[40]  Heather Berry,et al.  Is there convergence across countries? A spatial approach , 2014, Journal of international business studies.

[41]  Blanca Hernández,et al.  Customer behavior in electronic commerce: The moderating effect of e-purchasing experience , 2010 .

[42]  Ray Y. Zhong,et al.  E-commerce logistics in supply chain management: Implementations and future perspective in furniture industry , 2017, Ind. Manag. Data Syst..

[43]  Thierry Vanelslander,et al.  E-commerce last-mile in Belgium: Developing an external cost delivery index , 2017 .

[44]  Kenneth L. Kraemer,et al.  Environment and Policy Factors Shaping Global E-Commerce Diffusion: A Cross-Country Comparison , 2003, Inf. Soc..