Future ground-based telescopes design requirements

Current trends in astronomical research necessitate a large number of small to medium sized telescopes be commissioned to support and augment the science goals of larger ground-based observatories and space observatories. The science mission requirements for these telescopes vary widely, yet the critical design requirements for the telescopes are largely consistent across many missions. This paper clarifies the critical functional and performance parameters of a gimbaled telescope system as dictated by three significant classes of telescope missions: laser transmission, wide area surveys and pointed surveys. Within these classifications several specific example science missions are considered from which specific telescope functional requirements are derived. Detailed telescope performance requirements are then evaluated from a systems engineering perspective, highlighting typical performance that may be expected from a modern telescope. Additional commentary is provided on the probable feasibility of upgrading older facilities in contrast to commissioning new telescopes systems. Based on the predictions of the NSF / NOAO sponsored ReSTAR report, it is assumed that the demand for highobservation- volume pointed surveys will increase rapidly within the next ten years. A case is made for the high science value of high gimbal slew rates on the basis of effective throughput in pointed survey applications.