Energy efficient fixed-priority scheduling for real-time systems on variable voltage processors

Energy consumption has become an increasingly important consideration in designing many real-time embedded systems. Variable voltage processors, if used properly, can dramatically reduce such system energy consumption. In this paper, we present a technique to determine voltage settings for a variable voltage processor that utilizes a fixed priority assignment to schedule jobs. Our approach also produces the minimum constant voltage needed to feasibly schedule the entire job set. Our algorithms lead to significant energy saving compared with previously presented approaches.

[1]  Chung Laung Liu,et al.  Scheduling Algorithms for Multiprogramming in a Hard-Real-Time Environment , 1989, JACM.

[2]  Alan Burns,et al.  Effective Analysis for Engineering Real-Time Fixed Priority Schedulers , 1995, IEEE Trans. Software Eng..

[3]  F. Frances Yao,et al.  A scheduling model for reduced CPU energy , 1995, Proceedings of IEEE 36th Annual Foundations of Computer Science.

[4]  Heonshik Shin,et al.  Visual assessment of a real-time system design: a case study on a CNC controller , 1996, 17th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium.

[5]  Won Namgoong,et al.  A high-efficiency variable-voltage CMOS dynamic dc-dc switching regulator , 1997, 1997 IEEE International Solids-State Circuits Conference. Digest of Technical Papers.

[6]  Miodrag Potkonjak,et al.  Synthesis techniques for low-power hard real-time systems on variable voltage processors , 1998, Proceedings 19th IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (Cat. No.98CB36279).

[7]  Miodrag Potkonjak,et al.  On-line scheduling of hard real-time tasks on variable voltage processor , 1998, ICCAD.

[8]  Youngsoo Shin,et al.  Power conscious fixed priority scheduling for hard real-time systems , 1999, Proceedings 1999 Design Automation Conference (Cat. No. 99CH36361).

[9]  Kiyoung Choi,et al.  Power optimization of real-time embedded systems on variable speed processors , 2000, IEEE/ACM International Conference on Computer Aided Design. ICCAD - 2000. IEEE/ACM Digest of Technical Papers (Cat. No.00CH37140).

[10]  Jane W.-S. Liu Real-Time Systems , 2000, Encyclopedia of Algorithms.