Transpirational drying and costs for transporting woody biomass - a preliminary review

High transport costs arc a factor to consider in the use of forest residues for fuel. Costs can be reduced by increasing haul capacities, reducing high moisture contents, and improving trucking efficiency. The literature for transpirational drying and the economics of hauling woody biomass is summa&& here. Some additional, unpublished roundwood and chipdrying test results are also included.

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[2]  G. D. Puttock.  The economics of collecting and processing whole-tree chips and logging residues for energy , 1987 .

[3]  J. W. Mcminn.  Transpirational drying of red oaks, sweetgum, and yellow-poplar in the Upper Piedmont of Georgia , 1986 .

[4]  Peter Koch,et al.  Utilization of Hardwoods Growing on Southern Pine Sites – Volume 3 , 1985 .

[5]  K. E. Rogers.  Preharvest drying of logging residues , 1981 .

[6]  P. Koch.  Utilization of hardwoods growing on southern pine sites. Volume I - The raw material. Volume II - Processing. Volume III - Products and prospective. , 1985 .

[7]  R. L. Sarles,et al.  Effects of outside storage on the energy potential of hardwood particulate fuels: part 1. Moisture content and temperature , 1983 .

[8]  Edward L Springer,et al.  Should Whole-Tree Chips for Fuel Be Dried Before Storage. , 1979 .

[9]  D. T. Curtin,et al.  Biomass harvesting system test and demonstration , 1980 .

[10]  M. Wolcott,et al.  Effects of outside storage on the energy potential of hardwood particulate fuels. Part III. Specific gravity, ash content, and pH of water solubles , 1986 .

[11]  William Emory Lawrence.  Field-drying logging residues for use as an industrial fuel , 1980 .

[12]  I. L. Post,et al.  Delayed Bucking and Bolewood Moisture Content , 1980 .

[13]  Bryce J. Stokes,et al.  Transpirational drying of energywood , 1987 .