Comparative study between manual vacuum aspiration and dilatation and curettage in the surgical management of early incomplete abortion in RMMCH, Tamilnadu: A randomized controlled trial

The aim of this study is to compare manual vacuum aspiration and dilatation and curettage in the surgical management of early weeks incomplete abortion in terms of efficiency of complete removal of the partially expelled products of conception, incidence and frequency of procedure induced complications, duration of procedure and duration of hospital stay. Methods: A Randomized controlled trial carried out at Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, RMMCH, over a period of 18 months from (January 2017 – June 2018) after getting the approval of Ethical committee. Antenatal women of <12 weeks gestation with history of incomplete abortion were taken for the study and were randomly separated into two groups. Women in group A underwent Manual vacuum aspiration and women in group B underwent dilatation and curettage after getting informed and written consent regarding the purpose of the study and details of the procedure. The diagnosis of incomplete abortion was based on history, clinical examination and sonographic findings at the time of admission. In the present work, safety and efficacy, rate of occurrence of complications, duration of procedures, duration of hospital stay, requirement of repeat procedure and anaesthesia / uterotonics / blood transfusion were compared between the two groups. A total of 160 patients were enrolled with 80 in each group. The entire statistical procedure was carried out using statical packages of Social Sciences (spcs-21). Results: Manual vacuum aspiration is a more effective and rapid office procedure and was associated with less blood loss, shorter duration of hospitalization when compared to dilatation and curettage. There were no cases of uterine perforation and cervical laceration in both groups.