Personality and Agents: Formalising State and Effects

Personality is one of the central elements determining the behaviour of humans. It influences other cognitive mechanisms such as emotions and moods and thus effects attention and actions. However, in the literature about cognitive agents, work that investigates the effects of personality is rare and somewhat disconnected. Bridging this gap represents one step towards conceptualising human behaviour in software agents, e.g. for resource-bounded agents in highly-dynamic environments or for virtual humans with realistic behaviour. The integration of personality in agents also requires its integration into reasoning processes used in agent-based systems. In this paper, we propose a formalisation that enables reasoning about the effectsand state of personality. This formalisation is integrated into the ‘\(\mathcal {L}\)ogic \(\mathcal {O}\)f \(\mathcal {R}\)ational \(\mathcal {A}\)gents’ (\(\mathcal {LORA}\)) and is the foundation for reasoning about the personality of other agents and the influence of personality on the action selection process.

[1]  Emiliano Lorini,et al.  A logic of emotions: from appraisal to coping , 2012, AAMAS.

[2]  Norman I. Badler,et al.  Creating crowd variation with the OCEAN personality model , 2008, AAMAS.

[3]  Michael Wooldridge,et al.  Reasoning about rational agents , 2000, Intelligent robots and autonomous agents.

[4]  Flávio S. Corrêa da Silva,et al.  On the Construction of Synthetic Characters with Personality and Emotion , 2010, SBIA.

[5]  C. Pelachaud,et al.  Building credible agents: Behaviour influenced by personality and emotional traits, , 2010 .

[6]  Leigh Wilks,et al.  The stability of personality over time as a function of personality trait dominance , 2009 .

[7]  Sahin Albayrak,et al.  Ants in the OCEAN: Modulating Agents with Personality for Planning with Humans , 2014, EUMAS.

[8]  Elizabeth Sklar,et al.  Modulating Agent Behavior using Human Personality Type , 2012 .

[9]  Bas R. Steunebrink The logical structure of emotions , 2010 .

[10]  Sarah E Hampson,et al.  A first large cohort study of personality trait stability over the 40 years between elementary school and midlife. , 2006, Journal of personality and social psychology.

[11]  C. Adam Emotions: from psychological theories to logical formalization and implementation in a BDI agent , 2007 .

[12]  K. Scherer,et al.  Personality and emotion , 2009 .

[13]  Marco Lützenberger,et al.  Modelling of Personality in Agents: From Psychology to Logical Formalisation and Implementation , 2015, AAMAS.

[14]  Domitile Lourdeaux,et al.  Personality, Emotions and Physiology in a BDI Agent Architecture: The PEP -≫ BDI Model , 2009, 2009 IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology.

[15]  Andrew Ortony,et al.  Affect and Proto-Affect in Effective Functioning , 2005, Who Needs Emotions?.

[16]  V. Benet‐Martínez,et al.  Personality and the prediction of consequential outcomes. , 2006, Annual review of psychology.

[17]  Erik Mulder,et al.  Personality‐descriptive verbs , 1988 .

[18]  Avshalom Caspi,et al.  Personality development: stability and change. , 2005, Annual review of psychology.