A New Directional Algorithm-based Approach to Fault Localization for Distribution Networks with High Penetration of Photovoltaic Systems

Traditional fault location and isolation system in French distribution network uses nondirectional overcurrent based fault locators and remotely controlled switches. Although statistics have proved its effectiveness, the rising integration of distributed energy resources has considerably challenged the reliability of this system. The objective of this research is to develop a new directional algorithm that can be integrated into the existing fault indicators in order to address issues related to the connection of new distributed generations. The algorithm uses the phase angle of the prefault voltage as reference quantity and that of the negative sequence current as operating quantity. The proposed technique is then deployed to develop a new fault location and isolation scheme. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, a Control-Hardware-In-the-Loop simulation platform which is based on OPAL/RT simulator and ARM -based computers has been built.