Toxicology of Fire and Smoke

[1]  Barbara C. Levin,et al.  Polystyrenes -- A Review of the Literature on the Products of Thermal Decomposition and Toxicity , 1986 .

[2]  David A. Purser,et al.  Recent developments in understanding the toxicity of ptfe thermal decomposition products , 1992 .

[3]  Frederic B. Clarke,et al.  The Toxicity of Smoke from Fires Involving Perfluoropolymers: Full-Scale Fire Studies , 1992 .

[4]  Shouzhong Yu,et al.  Perfluoroisobutylene‐Induced Acute Lung Injury and Mortality are Heralded by Neutrophil Sequestration and Accumulation , 2001 .

[5]  Barbara C. Levin,et al.  Toxicity of the pyrolysis and combustion products of poly(vinyl chlorides): A literature assessment , 1986 .

[6]  E Braun,et al.  Polyesters: A review of the literature on products of combustion and toxicity , 1985 .

[7]  B. Levin.  The development of a new small-scale smoke toxicity test method and its comparison with real-scale fire tests. , 1992, Toxicology letters.

[8]  Y C Alarie,et al.  Toxicologic and acute lethal hazard evaluation of thermal decomposition products of synthetic and natural polymers. , 1979, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[9]  E Braun,et al.  Further Development of the N-Gas Mathematical Model: An Approach for Predicting the Toxic Potency of Complex Combustion Mixtures , 1995 .

[10]  I. N. Einhorn,et al.  Extreme toxicity from combustion products of a fire-retarded polyurethane foam. , 1975, Science.

[11]  K. P. Lee,et al.  Pulmonary response to perfluoropolymer fume and particles generated under various exposure conditions. , 1991, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[12]  D. Purser,et al.  Effects of carbon monoxide on behavior in monkeys in relation to human fire hazard. , 1983, Archives of environmental health.

[13]  J. Badgett,et al.  Free radical production from controlled low-energy fires: toxicity considerations. , 1985, Journal of forensic sciences.

[14]  John Rossi,et al.  Application of the Naval Medical Research Institute Toxicology Detachment Neurobehavioral Screening Battery to Combustion Toxicology , 1995 .

[15]  Yves Alarie,et al.  A Method to Determine the Potential Toxicity of Smoke from Burning Polymers: III. Comparison of Synthetic Polymers to Douglas Fir Using the UPitt II Flaming Combustion/Toxicity of Smoke Apparatus , 1991 .

[16]  B. Zook,et al.  Pathologic findings in rats following inhalation of combustion products of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). , 1983, Toxicology.

[17]  Barbara C. Levin,et al.  Generation of Hydrogen-Cyanide from Flexible Polyurethane Foam Decomposed Under Different Combustion Conditions , 1985 .

[18]  S. B. Schiller,et al.  A Standard Reference Material for Calibration of the Cup Furnace Smoke Toxicity Method for Assessing the Acute Inhalation Toxicity of Combustion Products , 1991, Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

[19]  K. P. Lee,et al.  Formation of acute pulmonary toxicants following thermal degradation of perfluorinated polymers: evidence for a critical atmospheric reaction. , 1987, Food and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association.

[20]  Thomas R. Barfknecht,et al.  Toxicology of soot , 1983 .

[21]  Barbara C. Levin,et al.  A summary of the NBS literature reviews on the chemical nature and toxicity of the pyrolysis and combustion products from seven plastics: Acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrenes (ABS), nylons, polyesters, polyethylenes, polystyrenes, poly(vinyl chlorides) and rigid polyurethane foams , 1986 .

[22]  R C Anderson,et al.  Toxicologic classification of thermal decomposition products of synthetic and natural polymers. , 1981, Toxicology and applied pharmacology.

[23]  B. C. Levin,et al.  Synergistic effects of nitrogen dioxide and carbon dioxide following acute inhalation exposures in rats , 1989 .

[24]  F. Ahmed,et al.  Flexible Polyurethane Foam: A Literature Review of Thermal Decomposition Products and Toxicity , 1989 .

[25]  Edward D. Weil,et al.  Flame-Retarding Plastics and Elastomers with Melamine , 1995 .

[26]  Gordon E. Hartzell,et al.  Modeling of Toxicological Effects of Fire Gases: I. Incapacitating Effects of Narcotic Fire Gases , 1984 .

[27]  Y. Alarie,et al.  A Method to Determine the Potential Toxicity of Smoke from Burning Polymers: II. The Toxicity of Smoke from Douglas Fir , 1990 .

[28]  F. Rodkey.  A mechanism for the conversion of oxyhemoglobin to methemoglobin by nitrite. , 1976, Clinical chemistry.

[29]  K. Gregory,et al.  Cleveland Clinic Fire Survivorship Study, 1929-1965. , 1969, Archives of environmental health.

[30]  F. Sundholm,et al.  Detection of free radicals during processing of polyethylene and polystyrene plastics , 1982 .

[31]  Y. Alarie,et al.  Toxicity of Teflon®, similar results obtained with radiant–convective heat sources or in the hot fire gases , 1984 .

[32]  H. Jellinek,et al.  Inhibition of Hydrocyanic Acid Evolution from Polyurethanes during Oxidative Degradation , 1978 .

[33]  Barbara C. Levin,et al.  Reference NBS PUBLICATIONS N A 1 L III Nil III AlllDb 03 ^ 306 NBSIR 85-3248 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymers ( ABS ) : Pyrolysis and Combustion Products and Their Toxicity-A Review of the Literature , 2016 .

[34]  Vytenis Babrauskas,et al.  A methodology for obtaining and using toxic potency data for fire hazard analysis , 1998 .

[35]  Barbara C. Levin,et al.  A Literature-Review of the Chemical Nature and Toxicity of the Decomposition Products of Polyethylenes , 1986 .

[36]  Daniel J. Caldwell,et al.  A Method to Determine the Potential Toxicity of Smoke from Burning Polymers: I. Experiments with Douglas Fir , 1990 .

[37]  Arthur F. Grand,et al.  Effects of Combustion Gases On Escape Performance of the Baboon and the Rat , 1985 .

[38]  W T Lowry,et al.  Studies of toxic gas production during actual structural fires in the Dallas area. , 1985, Journal of forensic sciences.

[39]  E Braun,et al.  Nylons: A review of the literature on products of combustion and toxicity , 1986 .

[40]  R. Orzel,et al.  Acrylics: A Literature Review of Thermal Decomposition Products and Toxicity , 1988 .

[41]  R. Orzel,et al.  Polypropylene: A Literature Review of the Thermal Decomposition Products and Toxicity , 1988 .

[42]  Mary A. Linzer,et al.  Risk factors for fatal residential fires , 1992, The New England journal of medicine.

[43]  E Braun,et al.  Toxicological interactions between carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. , 1987, Toxicology.

[44]  S. B. Schiller,et al.  The Development of a Standard Reference Material for Calibration of the University of Pittsburgh Smoke Toxicity Method for Assessing the Acute Inhalation Toxicity of Combustion Products , 1992, Journal of research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology.

[45]  Reply to ‘toxicity of Teflon®: Similar results obtained with radient–convective heat sources or in hot fire gases’ , 1984 .

[46]  M Paabo,et al.  Effects of exposure to single or multiple combinations of the predominant toxic gases and low oxygen atmospheres produced in fires. , 1987, Fundamental and applied toxicology : official journal of the Society of Toxicology.

[47]  B C Levin,et al.  New research avenues in toxicology: 7-gas N-Gas Model, toxicant suppressants, and genetic toxicology. , 1996, Toxicology.

[48]  Barbara C. Levin,et al.  A review of the literature on the gaseous products and toxicity generated from the pyrolysis and combustion of rigid polyurethane foams , 1985 .

[49]  J. Lewtas.  Human exposure to complex mixtures of air pollutants. , 1994, Toxicology letters.