Optimal Target Concentration of Alfentanil for the Sedation of Urologic Surgical Patients

Background: The purpose of this study was to define the optimal target concentration of alfentanil effective in achieving a sedative, antianxiety and analgesic effect during spinal anesthesia in urologic patients. Methods: Sixty patients underwent spinal anesthesia with 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12-18 mg and received a target controlled infusion (TCI) of alfentanil with 0 ng/ml (group A0, n = 15), 20 ng/ml (group A20, n = 15), 30 ng/ml (group A30, n = 15) or 40 ng/ml (group A40, n = 15). Sedation scale, bispectral index (BIS), anxiety level and infusion rate of alfentanil were checked during the operation. Results: Sedation scale was significantly higher in group A30 (3.3) and A40 (3.8) than group A0 (1.9) and A20 (2.5)(P

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