Optimal design of negative emission hybrid renewable energy systems with biochar production

Abstract To tackle the increasing global energy demand the climate change problem, the integration of renewable energy and negative emission technologies is a promising solution. In this work, a novel concept called “negative emission hybrid renewable energy system” is proposed for the first time. It is a hybrid solar-wind-biomass renewable energy system with biochar production, which could potentially provide energy generation, carbon sequestration, and waste treatment services within one system. The optimization and the conflicting economic and environmental trade-off of such system has not yet been fully investigated in the literature. To fill the research gap, this paper aims to propose a stochastic multi-objective decision-support framework to identify optimal design of the energy mix and discuss the economic and environmental feasibilities of a negative emission hybrid renewable energy system. This approach maximizes energy output and minimizes greenhouse gas emissions by the optimal sizing of the solar, wind, combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, and energy storage components in the system. A case study on Carabao Island in the Philippines, which is representative of an island-mode energy system, is conducted based on the aim of achieving net-zero emission for the whole island. For the island with a population of 10,881 people and an area of 22.05 km2, the proposed optimal system have significant negative emission capability and promising profitability with a carbon sequestration potential of 2795 kg CO2-eq/day and a predicted daily profit of 455 US$/day.

[1]  Lu Lu,et al.  Microbial metabolism and community structure in response to bioelectrochemically enhanced remediation of petroleum hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. , 2014, Environmental science & technology.

[2]  Arturo Jiménez-Gutiérrez,et al.  Superstructure approach for the design of renewable-based utility plants , 2019, Comput. Chem. Eng..

[3]  Nitai Pal,et al.  Review of solar photovoltaic and wind hybrid energy systems for sizing strategies optimization techniques and cost analysis methodologies , 2018, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews.

[4]  Jan Carmeliet,et al.  Design of distributed energy systems under uncertainty: A two-stage stochastic programming approach , 2018, Applied Energy.

[5]  Jinyue Yan.  Negative-emissions hydrogen energy , 2018, Nature Climate Change.

[6]  Tianshu Ge,et al.  Biomass gasification for syngas and biochar co-production: Energy application and economic evaluation , 2018 .

[7]  L. Reisch,et al.  Summary for Policy Makers , 2004 .

[8]  J. C. Bruno,et al.  Artificial neural network models for biomass gasification in fluidized bed gasifiers. , 2013 .

[9]  Kalyanmoy Deb,et al.  Finding Knees in Multi-objective Optimization , 2004, PPSN.

[10]  Pete Smith.  Soil carbon sequestration and biochar as negative emission technologies , 2016, Global change biology.

[11]  M. Ha-Duong,et al.  Climate change 2014 - Mitigation of climate change , 2015 .

[12]  G. Zeng,et al.  The interactions of composting and biochar and their implications for soil amendment and pollution remediation: a review , 2017, Critical reviews in biotechnology.

[13]  D. Manning,et al.  Persistence of soil organic matter as an ecosystem property , 2011, Nature.

[14]  Nael H. El-Farra,et al.  Operation of residential hybrid renewable energy systems: Integrating forecasting, optimization and demand response , 2014, 2014 American Control Conference.

[15]  L. T. Angenent,et al.  Biofuels from pyrolysis in perspective: trade-offs between energy yields and soil-carbon additions. , 2014, Environmental science & technology.

[16]  Duncan McLaren,et al.  A comparative global assessment of potential negative emissions technologies , 2012 .

[17]  Wei Zhou,et al.  Current status of research on optimum sizing of stand-alone hybrid solar–wind power generation systems , 2010 .

[18]  Zheng Li,et al.  A multi-objective optimization approach for selection of energy storage systems , 2018, Comput. Chem. Eng..

[19]  Syed Farooq Ali,et al.  Techno economic analysis of a wind-photovoltaic-biomass hybrid renewable energy system for rural electrification: A case study of Kallar Kahar , 2018 .

[20]  Tu Tu,et al.  Optimization of a stand-alone photovoltaic–wind–diesel–battery system with multi-layered demand scheduling , 2019, Renewable Energy.

[21]  Wee Chin Wong,et al.  Hydrogen value chain and fuel cells within hybrid renewable energy systems: Advanced operation and control strategies , 2019, Applied Energy.

[22]  Meng Wang,et al.  Multi-objective optimization of a neighborhood-level urban energy network: Considering Game-theory inspired multi-benefit allocation constraints , 2018, Applied Energy.

[23]  R. P. Saini,et al.  Size optimization and demand response of a stand-alone integrated renewable energy system , 2017 .

[24]  Siming You,et al.  Techno-economic and greenhouse gas savings assessment of decentralized biomass gasification for electrifying the rural areas of Indonesia , 2017 .

[25]  T. Amann,et al.  Potential and costs of carbon dioxide removal by enhanced weathering of rocks , 2018 .

[26]  Jo‐Shu Chang,et al.  Oxidative torrefaction of biomass nutshells: Evaluations of energy efficiency as well as biochar transportation and storage , 2019, Applied Energy.

[27]  K. Denman,et al.  Ocean fertilization for geoengineering: A review of effectiveness, environmental impacts and emerging governance , 2012 .

[28]  J. Riba,et al.  Environmental and cost optimal design of a biomass–Wind–PV electricity generation system , 2018, Renewable Energy.

[29]  T. Mallick,et al.  A three-point-based electrical model and its application in a photovoltaic thermal hybrid roof-top system with crossed compound parabolic concentrator , 2019, Renewable Energy.

[30]  Guohe Huang,et al.  A stochastic multi-objective optimization model for renewable energy structure adjustment management – A case study for the city of Dalian, China , 2019, Ecological Indicators.

[31]  Ignacio E. Grossmann,et al.  Optimal integration of renewable based processes for fuels and power production: Spain case study , 2017 .

[32]  M. L. Thompson,et al.  Abundant and stable char residues in soils: implications for soil fertility and carbon sequestration. , 2012, Environmental science & technology.

[33]  J. Hallett,et al.  The multi-scale challenges of biomass fast pyrolysis and bio-oil upgrading: Review of the state of art and future research directions , 2019, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science.

[34]  Amine Hocine,et al.  Optimizing renewable energy portfolios under uncertainty: A multi-segment fuzzy goal programming approach , 2018, Renewable Energy.

[35]  P. Strong,et al.  Insight into the effects of biochar on manure composting: evidence supporting the relationship between N2O emission and denitrifying community. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[36]  Rahman Saidur,et al.  Application of Artificial Intelligence Methods for Hybrid Energy System Optimization , 2016 .

[37]  John L. Field,et al.  Distributed biochar and bioenergy coproduction: a regionally specific case study of environmental benefits and economic impacts , 2013 .

[38]  R. P. Saini,et al.  A review on planning, configurations, modeling and optimization techniques of hybrid renewable energy systems for off grid applications , 2016 .

[39]  Mukesh Singh,et al.  Feasibility study of an islanded microgrid in rural area consisting of PV, wind, biomass and battery energy storage system , 2016 .

[40]  William A. Beckman,et al.  Improvement and validation of a model for photovoltaic array performance , 2006 .

[41]  N. Shah,et al.  Negative Emissions Technologies , 2012 .

[42]  Hsiao-Ying Cheng,et al.  Biochar and microbial signaling: production conditions determine effects on microbial communication. , 2013, Environmental science & technology.

[43]  M. Ouhrouche,et al.  Maximum likelihood parameters estimation of single-diode model of photovoltaic generator , 2019, Renewable Energy.

[44]  R. P. Saini,et al.  Techno-economic optimization based approach for energy management of a stand-alone integrated renewable energy system for remote areas of India , 2016 .