Effects of displacements of center of gravity and center of pressure on standing postural responses to platform translations after cooling of soles and crural muscles

足底感覚と下腿筋固有受容覚のどちらが立位姿勢制御に寄与するか,足底と下腿冷却により検討した。対象は健常男性12名(年齢:21.3±2.9歳,身長:170.8±6.2 cm,体重65.3±6.0 kg)。冷却部位は足底と下腿とした。冷却後皮膚温条件は,冷却前(コントロール),冷却後3分以内および冷却後皮膚温20 ℃以上(筋紡錘のみ不活性設定)とした。外乱は足底板前方移動と後方移動とし,COGとCOP初期最大偏位(cm),初期最大偏位時間(ms)及びTA(前方移動),Sol(後方移動)の筋反応潜時(RT)を抽出した。結果は,TA,SolのRTは冷却の影響はなく,COGとCOPの初期最大偏位時間は,条件Α(足底冷却,皮膚温20 ℃以上,足底板後方移動)がコントロールと比較して有意に遅延した。条件B(足底冷却,皮膚温20 ℃以上,足底板前方移動)では,コントロールと比較して有意な遅延はなかった。この結果から,足部後方外乱では下腿筋固有受容器からの求心性信号よりも足底および足底筋筋紡錘求心性信号が反射性の姿勢回復反応に寄与し,前方外乱では足底や下腿からの求心性信号の寄与は低いと示唆された。

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